The Yankee Stadium’s History Free Essays

Any conversation of the historical backdrop of New York City without a background marked by the New York Yankees would resemble portraying Pavarotti without referencing his voice. Furthermore, any conversation of the Yankees without including Yankee Stadium would be ridiculous. What's more, when you get directly down to the quick and dirty of authentic real factors enveloping the Yankees and Yankee Stadium you need to incorporate Babe Ruth. We will compose a custom paper test on The Yankee Stadium’s History or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The Babe, the â€Å"Bambino,† the â€Å"Sultan of Swat,† was the explanation the Yankees fabricated Yankee Stadium, and that is the reason they call it â€Å"The House That Ruth Built.† The Yankees are past any sensible uncertainty the chief group in Major League Baseball. They have been in the World Series multiple times since the American League was molded in 1900 †and they have won 26 of them. The groups tied for second most World Series Championships are the Cardinals and Athletics with 9. The Yankees have been in New York since 1903; already they were in Baltimore known as the Baltimore Orioles. They began in New York as the Highlanders, playing at Hilltop Park (today, the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center sits where Hilltop Park was found). They played in the Polo Grounds (imparting it to its host group, the National League New York Giants) from 1913 to 1920. The Yankees turned out to be prevalently known as the â€Å"Yankees† around 1904; and when the New York Herald gave an account of April 15, 1906, â€Å"Yankees dominate opening game from Boston, 2-1,† it was pretty much authority they were not, at this point the Highlanders. In the mean time, following the roots of Yankee Stadium appropriately incorporates a short describing of how Babe Ruth got to the Yankees; he was the sparkle that lit the fire that put Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. By 1919, a solid contention had existed between the Boston Red Sox and the Yankees for quite a long while. A youthful Boston pitcher who was additionally a mind blowing slugger, Babe Ruth, pounded the Yankees on numerous events, including Opening Day at the Polo Grounds on April 23, 1919. As per The New York Times (4/24/1919), â€Å"Babe Ruth dominated the match for the Red Sox in the primary inning when, with Jack Berry on a respectable starting point, he hammered out a fortunate home run†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Final score, Red Sox 10, Yanks 0. There had been some uncertainty with respect to whether the extraordinary Ruth would even play for Boston in 1919; Ruth had been a hold-out in the spring, following an electrifying season as a pitcher and slugger, and a superb World Series for Boston in 1918, wherein he dominated two matches (heaving 13 scoreless innings in a single game) and gave Boston power at the plate. It was to be Boston’s last World Series triumph until 2004. In the spring of 1919, Ruth was waiting for $15,000 every year, as indicated by a New York Times story (3/19/1919): â€Å"Ruth†¦wants $15,000 for one year or will sign an agreement calling for $10,000 per year for three years.† The feature in The New York Times on December 27, 1919 read, â€Å"Ruth Talks Of Retiring†; the story said Ruth is â€Å"‘through with significant association baseball’ except if the administration of the Boston American group Club is set up to fulfill his need for $20,000 a year.† The New York Times wrote about March 22, 1919, that â€Å"Babe Ruth Finally Signs with Boston,† for an announced $27,000 for a long time. Boston proprietor Harry H. Frazee’s past best offer had been $8,500, the Times announced. Stood out from today’s dollar esteem $27,000 would be worth around $540,000; and despite the fact that $27,000 doesn’t sound like much contrasted with the $2.5 million unique expense of building Yankee Stadium †or to the compensations today’s players draw. (Indeed, Derek Jeter’s 2003 compensation was around $15,000,000; he went to the plate multiple times; figure it out and see Jeter earned around $30,000 per at-bat). In any case, to the normal New Yorker in 1920, Ruth’s pay was a tremendous amount of cash. A huge number of American young men were battling in Europe in WWI (a huge number of them biting the dust), and 650,000 Americans had kicked the bucket as of late due the flu plague. Times were harsh, most definitely. Interim, after Ruth clubbed 29 homers in 1919, an October twelfth Times article hailed him as the â€Å"mastodonic mauler†; New York clearly was in amazement of this genius. And afterward, to the extraordinary astonishment of Gotham, the probably the greatest game occasions of the century hit the features of The New York Times with the clout of a Ruthian fantastic hammer (1/6/1920): â€Å"Ruth Bought by New York Americans For $125,000, Highest Price in Baseball Annals.† The story announced that Ruth’s procurement gave the Yankees â€Å"the hard-hitting outfielder long desired.† After grappling with the Yankees, for $40,000 on a two-year bargain, the Yankee proprietor Colonel Jacob Ruppert before long took out a $150,000 protection strategy on the Babe, uncommon around then. What's more, strangely precisely one year to the day after the Times story hailing Ruth’s appearance in New York, the Times feature (2/6/1921) rang: â€Å"Yankees To Build Stadium In Bronx.† In the article, Yankee proprietors Colonels Jacob Ruppert and Tillinghast L. Huston reported they had bought 10 sections of land â€Å"on the east bank of the Harlem River,† somewhere in the range of 157th and 101st Streets, from the home of the late William Waldorf Astor. â€Å"On this territory there will be raised a gigantic arena, which will outperform in seating limit any structure up to this point worked for the settlement of admirers of baseball,† the Times’ article proceeded, in normal emotional style, yet there was no byline so the writer was obscure. Uncovering was to start â€Å"in half a month and building will be sped up by each mean known to human effort,† the article clarified. The Yankees didn't declare what they paid for the ten sections of land, yet the Times had it â€Å"on great authority† the tab was $500,000, and the evaluated cost of the anticipated arena was $2 million. The â€Å"running time from Forth-second Street by metro is just around 16 minutes,† the story proceeded, and by â€Å"elevated train it will take around 2 minutes more to arrive at the Yankee’s arena than is important to get to the Polo Grounds.† The procedure of road closings â€Å"will offer no obstacles,† the Times clarified; and the arena was anticipated to be â€Å"triple-decked,† which was made important â€Å"by the desire for significantly more prominent support than that of the last season.† The undeniable reference was to the way that Babe Ruth isn't just the best grand slam hitter in the game, yet he was the greatest film industry attract all diversion scenes around then. Preceding the choice to construct the arena on its current site, the Times (2/6/1921) detailed that â€Å"until a couple days† before February 5, 1921, Yankee proprietors â€Å"were slanted to support the site of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, somewhere in the range of 136th and 138th boulevards, close Broadway.† The arena was to hold 75,000 fans in the end, however from the start it would just hold 50,000 (5,000 of them seat seats); yet â€Å"when the expense of building materials turns out to be all the more almost normal,† the Times clarified, the limit will be expanded to the higher figure. This â€Å"massive and most appealing structure has been intended to embellish the new playing field of Babe Ruth and his pals,† the story went on. â€Å"Concrete and steel of the best quality accessible will be used†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Before any structure could start, and before temporary workers were to be employed to do the structure, the endorsement from City Hall must be gotten. And keeping in mind that New York City Mayor John F. Hylan first supported on the choice for the city to â€Å"release its enthusiasm for the bed of Cromwell Avenue† in the Bronx, which ran legitimately through the site, he in the long run approved the arrangement. In any case, the sub-feature on March 18, 1923, in the Times goaded the city hall leader a piece by yelling that â€Å"Mayor Hylan Holds Up Decision on shutting down of Street Running Through Site.† â€Å"I won't put my mark on the authority document,† the civic chairman said in the Times, â€Å"until I see if everything is regular.† The â€Å"Sinking Fund Commission† had just approved the street’s demolishment, and stressed that the mayor’s delay â€Å"might keep the Yankees from playing in their new arena in 1923,† the article demonstrated. Interim, inside a long time, the civic chairman signed off on the shutting down of two avenues, which â€Å"came as an individual triumph for colonel Jacob Ruppert, President of the Yankees, who had worked for over a year to acquire the essential authorization for the end of the streets,† the Times revealed in late March, 1922. [Note: the dates on the New York Times’ chronicled reports don't generally mirror the exact date of publication.] Not just did New York political administrations must be leaped by Ruppert, the Astor family lived in England, and since it was their property that was the site utilized for the arena, their assent was basic. After legitimate endorsement, the Times’ feature â€Å"Yankees Call For Bids on Stadium† had a little publication incline in the sub-feature, â€Å"If Contractor Are Rational In Prices Work Will Begin at Earliest Possible Date.† The date on this article can’t be right (it is 1/4/1922), so it probably been in late February. â€Å"Excavation, evaluating, brick work, sewers and downspouts, strengthened cement, lathing and putting, decorative metal work, tile work, terrazzo floors, carpentry, toilets, material, sheet metal, steel scarf, painting and wood bleachers† all went out to offer, the Times revealed. Furthermore, it saw

Case Study The Millennium Development Goals Education Essay

Contextual investigation The Millennium Development Goals Education Essay The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight worldwide advancement objectives that were set up after the 2000 Millennium Summit in which United Nations Member States and International Organizations agreed to accomplish continuously 2015 (United Nations Millennium Development Goals, 2010). The MDGs set time bound focuses in improving social and financial conditions on the planets least fortunate nations, which progress towards lessening salary destitution, hunger, ailment, absence of sufficient safe house and rejection, while advancing sexual orientation correspondence, wellbeing, instruction and ecological manageability. They likewise epitomize fundamental human rights with the goal that every individual on the planet has the option to wellbeing, instruction, safe house and security (Ki-Moon, 2010). Three significant zones of Humanity are engaged in the MDGs: Firstly, fortifying human capital by improving foundation, and expanding social, monetary and political rights, explicitly concentrating on expanding the essential ways of life (United Nations, 2006); Secondly, modifying framework by increasing safe drinking water, vitality and current data correspondences innovation, escalating ranch creations through reasonable works on, bettering transportation foundation, and maintain the earth; lastly the social, financial and political rights, with respect to enabling ladies, decreasing viciousness, expanding political voice, guaranteeing equivalent access to open administrations, and expanding security of property rights. The objectives are expected to expand a people human capacities and advance the way to a profitable life (United Nations, 2006). As people acting together we have the ability to make a move and impact the way toward arriving at the MDGs by 2015 (End Poverty Millennium Campaign, 2010). Training is significant in accomplishing these objectives. Fundamental instruction of a decent quality is vital for building up a comprehension of the world and the potential outcomes it gives, and for having the option to work viably inside it. Without the information and different aptitudes created through tutoring and essential instruction programs, the open doors for people and the capacity to act freely are enormously decreased (UNESCO, 2010). Strengthening the development towards instruction MDGs will lead straightforwardly to an increasing speed of a large number of the different MDGs (2010 MDG SUMMIT, 2010). In this paper I will clarify why training is significant so as to accomplish every one of the eight thousand years advancement objectives. The principal objective of the thousand years improvement objectives is to destroy extraordinary destitution and craving. Destitution powers kids out of school uprooting their instruction driving them into the low paid work power since guardians can't stand to teach them. Haines Cassels (2004) clarify that one year of tutoring can build a people profit by 10% with each extra year of tutoring lifting the normal yearly GDP by 0.37%. Available training can help feed a perfect pattern of upgraded development and a raised decrease in destitution, supporting poor people and profiting society overall. Training gives individuals the abilities and information they require so as to build pay and create business openings. By teaching poor people, ladies and helpless gatherings it opens ways to employments and credit and has the potential for financial development. With severe laws on necessary training the thousand years advancement objective to kill outrageous destitution and craving ought to be feasible later on. The second MDG is to accomplish all inclusive essential instruction. Each kid paying little heed to where they live merit the privilege to training. The Development Education online Depository (2010) express that general essential training includes entering school at a proper age, advancing through the framework and finishing a full pattern of essential instruction. By annihilating grade school charges a great many youngsters worldwide get the opportunity to pick up proficiency and numeracy aptitudes expanding the level of taught individuals on the planet, builds the open doors for business and a steady future for some kids which close by will help in accomplishing the MDG of accomplishing general essential training. The third MDG centers around advancing sexual orientation balance and enabling ladies. Attaran (2005) express that there are 759 million individuals on the planet that can't peruse or compose, and of those individuals 66% are female. Females face numerous boundaries to instruction in a few nations around the globe, extending from negative perspectives to the weight of family work and separation to class. So as to change the parity instruction should be focused on, extraordinary endeavors, for example, utilizing female instructors, supporting poor families and making the training framework young lady well disposed could help in advancing sexual orientation balance and in enabling ladies. Severine Shahani (2009) guarantee that there is a solid connection between's instructing females and an expansion in womens profit, improved kid and family wellbeing and sustenance, an increment in school enrolment, assurance against HIV contamination, higher maternal and kid future, decreased ripeness rates and postponed marriage. Equivalent tutoring for the two young men and young ladies is the establishment for advancement in accomplishing the MDG of advancing sexual orientation uniformity and engaging ladies. The fourth MDG plans to diminish youngster mortality. Giving instruction to young ladies gives an incredible possibility of endurance to her youngsters later on. Severine Shahani (2009) guarantee that a mother with auxiliary or advanced education more than equal parts the danger of kid mortality contrasted with a mother with almost no instruction. As referenced above there is a solid association between teaching females and higher maternal and kid future just as enhancements in youngster and family wellbeing and nourishment, they are additionally progressively plausible to inoculate their kids. Teaching ladies, with in any event essential instruction, the MDG of lessening kid mortality is bound to be accomplished. The fifth objective intends to improve maternal wellbeing. Maternal instruction is perhaps the most grounded counteractant to childbearing-related dangers (United Nations, 2010). By teaching females it empowers them to settle on improved wellbeing related choices, less moms would kick the bucket and the MDG of improving maternal wellbeing would have a more prominent possibility of being accomplished. The 6th MDG plans to battle HIV/AIDS, intestinal sickness and different maladies. Instruction is the way to fighting HIV/AIDS, jungle fever and numerous different infections. Instruction foundations play a focal job in the anticipation of HIV and other transmittable infections as they can contact countless individuals, empowering uplifting perspectives and practices giving them the information and aptitudes to diminish their opportunity of contracting HIV. School wellbeing programs are likewise perfect in giving mindfulness and cleanliness practices to help battle jungle fever and different illnesses. Haines Cassels (2004) express that ladies with training higher than essential level are multiple times more probable than educated ladies to know about and think about HIV/AIDS. Training offers a significant proportion of assurance against HIV and different infections. The MDG for all inclusive essential training is evaluated to forestall 700, 000 new HIV contaminations every year (MDG Monitor, 2007). It is asserted that instruction lessens the defenselessness of young ladies, and every time of tutoring offers more noteworthy defensive advantages. Training is the best immunization against HIV and Aids and different sicknesses it is additionally the most practical approach to accomplish the MDG of fighting HIV/AIDS, jungle fever and different illnesses. The seventh MDG is aimed at guaranteeing ecological manageability. Instruction for supportable turn of events (ESD) can assist us with living economically. ESD is characterized by UNESCO as the means to help individuals to build up the perspectives, aptitudes and information to settle on educated choices for the advantage regarding themselves as well as other people, presently and later on, and to follow up on these choices. By giving instruction to natural manageability it likewise instructs understudies on key issues including destitution decrease, practical occupations, a worldwide temperature alteration and environmental change, sexual orientation fairness, corporate social obligation and the security of indigenous societies (TeachMDGs, 2010) ESD will permit people to settle on choices that address the issues of the present without trading off those of people in the future. Training is basic for guaranteeing natural manageability. The eighth and last thousand years improvement objective is aimed at creating worldwide associations for advancement. Creating nations monetarily can't give widespread essential instruction to allowed to their kin. In this manner a worldwide organization is expected to fill the monetary hole for instruction so that comprehensively the training related improvement objectives can be accomplished. What's more, on the off chance that creating nations focus on instruction they can, at that point thus support their economy, which can assist with accomplishing the entirety of the thousand years advancement objectives. Educating and learning in schools should plan to improve abilities, information and conduct identified with the thousand years advancement objectives. Schools should design their educational plan with the goal that substance secured expands the effect that instruction has on the MDGs. For example, so as to battle youngster mortality and to change female strengthening, educational plans on tidiness, sanitation, and measures to limit infectious ailments. On account of natural supportability the school ought to incorporate projects, for example, the need to preserve water and trees. To improve the wholesome status of the understudies the school can acquaint supper programs with guarantee the understudies have atleast one dietary dinner every day. Schools can likewise advance sexual orientation correspondence by the various jobs that school chiefs take. Positive practices planned for accomplishing the MDGs can be learned and strengthened all through training. By presenting grown-up instruction and proficiency programs for the two people can provid

Essay --

Twyla Tharp Twyla Tharp, an American artist and choreographer, was conceived on July 1, 1941 in Portland, Oregon. When Twyla was a youngster her and her folks moved to Southern California and the family opened a drive-in cinema the Twyla worked at from the age of eight. Twyla started taking piano exercises at two years old and move exercises at four years old. Twyla’s mother needed her girl to be practiced in numerous fields so she selected her little girl in different expressions and different classes, for example, French, German, and shorthand. Not long after starting her move exercises Twyla built up a profound enthusiasm for all the kinds of move accessible to her. Twyla went to Pacific High School in San Bernardino, California and learned at the Vera Lynn school of Dance. After High school Twyla left home to go to Pomona College and later moved to Bernard College in New York City where she examined craftsmanship history. Twyla later discovered she had a serious enthusiasm in move so she took move classes off grounds and started to learn at the American Ballet Theater School where she concentrated with numerous incredible artists and...

Radiohead - No Surprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Radiohead - No Surprises - Essay Example Be that as it may, unexpectedly, everywhere throughout the world, gothic culture broke out, capturing conservatism and requesting the option to be musically disturbed. Alice Cooper drank chicken blood in front of an audience. For reasons unknown, Ozzy Osborne bit the head off of a bat. Realistic tattoos, pythons and tongue piercings had gotten exhausting. Out of the blue, a melodic liberation articulated darker speculations of death and torment that drew numerous underground rockers and mainstream society fans into the dim. John Lennon was supplanted by Marilyn Manson. Author Tom Wolfe marked the 70s as the ‘Me’ Decade in â€Å"The ‘Me’ Decade and the Third Great Awakening. By the late 1970s, a culture of dark lipstick, blood and men receiving female names had developed into its own sort. The State of California was facilitating its boycott of cannabis and by 1979, the Gay Movement was intensely hot. Generally somewhere in the range of 1971 and 1984, everyone was in some kind of imaginative development and communicated through music. It was this period that propelled the gothic music classification unification of underground rockers, substantial metal fans, and even some moderate Rock-n-Rollers through the World Wide Web. In 1985, Jonny and Colin Greenwood, Thom York, Ed O’Brien, and Phil Selway joined the melodic development of the misjudged as Radiohead in Oxfordshire, England. Impacted by elective stone, American non mainstream and floods of punk and Britpop that encompassed them locally, the band brought their own sort of ‘strange’ to Rock. This paper is an investigation of another period type of music; especially that of the genuinely new underground rock band Radiohead. The focal point of the investigation of the phonetic examination of the melodic style and tunes including, Ok Computers, The Bends, and Radiohead’s 1997 discharge No Surprises, inside the setting of famous music figures of speech and rock. 1.1 Radiohead was shaped in Oxford since all the musicians grew up and went to optional school in Oxfordshire (Osborne, 2004: 15). Through their utilization of concordance, problematic melodic figuration and cadence, Radiohead has had the option to construct a notorie ty by amassing an unmistakable melodic language, and by drawing from a melodic palette described by a stressed connection between standard desire and show. The band’s music style depends on carport band impacts: noisy and expressive, much like the American grunge groups Nirvana, Sound Garden and Pearl Jam (Hiburn, 1998:7). A critical piece of Radiohead’s notoriety as unique writers and entertainers of music, punk-ish rock that didn't adjust to cliché popular music desires and standards. An imperative piece of drawing in with their music is having the option to follow the occasions that structure relationship for the Radiohead-audience with equivalent occasions in a solitary Radiohead melody or collection (Moore, 2003: 58). Radiohead’s early music was somewhat standard. Radiohead’s initial two studio chronicles appeared to be very crude because of absence of a provocative elusiveness that came to be related in their later works. The creation of OK Compute rs assumed a huge job as a huge change in outlook for the band, aesthetically and musically (Tate, 2005: 14). Both of their initial two collections, 1993’s Pablo Honey and 1995’

The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments

The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments Why do students plagiarize? Recent investigations at Harvard University have suggested a variety of reasons: some students cite overwhelming course loads, which caused too much stress for their own creative process to work efficiently; others cite the growing instances of plagiarism in the professional world, such as the employment of ghostwriters by professional authors. Finally, some maintain that plagiarism is commonplace in everyday life â€" from pirating music, to reusing song chords, to un-sourced material being reused across the Internet â€" and as such does not constitute a serious academic offense. However, investigations at Georgia Middle State University have demonstrated that academic plagiarism is not necessarily a malicious or lazy action â€" on the contrary, some students who turn to plagiarism do so out of ignorance, fear, or helplessness. Writing standards and course practices from different institutions of higher education vary widely, and as a result not all students have the same underlying basis for research techniques or source evaluation. Some are unfamiliar with their institution’s library catalogue or scholarly databases, others receive improper citation instruction resources from their professors, and others have trouble distinguishing the difference between plagiarism and paraphrasing â€" a problem which is compounded when the need to paraphrase unfamiliar vocabulary or technical terms arises. Some students may also feel ashamed of their own intellectual ability, and experience a fear of failure on account of internal or external influences â€" pressure from family to do well, professorial expectations, personal motivation, etc. It is not uncommon for certain students to feel it more ‘honourable’ to risk expulsion or other academic punishment in exchange for alleviating the pressure felt from their workload, time constraints, or writing and research abilities (or lack thereof). Furthermore, a student with free creative reign on his or her assignments is far less likely to plagiarize than a student who is forced to operate within rigid guidelines which deal in topics they have no interest in. At Homework Help Canada, we offer online plagiarism scan services, as well as comprehensive editing assistance to provide helpful information regarding proper citation techniques, style guides, and referencing. Students need to be aware of the various forms of information available both online and in print, and the proper modes of attribution required to utilize someone else’s intellectual property. Our experts at Homework Help Canada are committed to improving academic performance and student satisfaction, so don’t let schoolwork get you down in the dumps â€" get in touch with us today! References: Plagiarism and Its Effect on Creative Work (n.d.). Retrieved September 1 2015 from plagiarism-and-its-effect-creative-work. Plagiarism Prevention Guide: Why Students Plagiarize (n.d.). Retrieved August 31 2015 from why.aspx. Why Students Plagiarize. (2012, October 4). Retrieved August 31 2015 from . The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments The Psychology of Plagiarism in Academic Environments Why do students plagiarize? Recent investigations at Harvard University have suggested a variety of reasons: some students cite overwhelming course loads, which caused too much stress for their own creative process to work efficiently; others cite the growing instances of plagiarism in the professional world, such as the employment of ghostwriters by professional authors. Finally, some maintain that plagiarism is commonplace in everyday life â€" from pirating music, to reusing song chords, to un-sourced material being reused across the Internet â€" and as such does not constitute a serious academic offense. However, investigations at Georgia Middle State University have demonstrated that academic plagiarism is not necessarily a malicious or lazy action â€" on the contrary, some students who turn to plagiarism do so out of ignorance, fear, or helplessness. Writing standards and course practices from different institutions of higher education vary widely, and as a result not all students have the same underlying basis for research techniques or source evaluation. Some are unfamiliar with their institution’s library catalogue or scholarly databases, others receive improper citation instruction resources from their professors, and others have trouble distinguishing the difference between plagiarism and paraphrasing â€" a problem which is compounded when the need to paraphrase unfamiliar vocabulary or technical terms arises. Some students may also feel ashamed of their own intellectual ability, and experience a fear of failure on account of internal or external influences â€" pressure from family to do well, professorial expectations, personal motivation, etc. It is not uncommon for certain students to feel it more ‘honourable’ to risk expulsion or other academic punishment in exchange for alleviating the pressure felt from their workload, time constraints, or writing and research abilities (or lack thereof). Furthermore, a student with free creative reign on his or her assignments is far less likely to plagiarize than a student who is forced to operate within rigid guidelines which deal in topics they have no interest in. At Homework Help USA, we offer online plagiarism scan services, as well as comprehensive editing assistance to provide helpful information regarding proper citation techniques, style guides, and referencing. Students need to be aware of the various forms of information available both online and in print, and the proper modes of attribution required to utilize someone else’s intellectual property. Our experts at Homework Help USA are committed to improving academic performance and student satisfaction, so don’t let schoolwork get you down in the dumps â€" get in touch with us today! References: Plagiarism and Its Effect on Creative Work (n.d.). Retrieved September 1 2015 from plagiarism-and-its-effect-creative-work. Plagiarism Prevention Guide: Why Students Plagiarize (n.d.). Retrieved August 31 2015 from why.aspx. Why Students Plagiarize. (2012, October 4). Retrieved August 31 2015 from .

Most Important Source Renewable - 550 Words

Most Important Source Renewable (Essay Sample) Content: The worlds most important source of renewable energy in the coming futureName:Institution affiliation:IntroductionMany nations in the world depend on oil, natural gas or coal to provide the majority of their energy needs. The fossil fuels are becoming a limited source of energy. In no time, the world will run out of the fossil fuels, or it will become very expensive to retrieve the fossil fuels that will be remaining in the coming future (Richards, 2009). Apart from the issue of expense, the fossil fuels are known to cause soil, water and air pollution and produce green house gases that are responsible for global warming. In the coming future, the world will be looking for an alternative source of renewable energy in order to supplement fossil fuels. The central thesis of this paper is to discuss solar energy as the most important source of renewable energy in the nearby future. Solar energy is a type of energy which is in the form of heat and light that is from the s un. The most important issue is that this type of energy is free of cost, and it is pollutant free. Most of other forms of other renewable sources of energy such as wind energy come indirectly from the sun. Solar energy has been used for generations in different ways such as drying of clothes and heating of water (Richards, 2009). Not only have the humans, plants as well use solar energy in the production of their food. The use of solar energy is becoming very popular these days which shows that in the near future people will highly depend on it. The technology is known to harness the suns energy and then make the energy useful. The solar energy technology does require little or no maintenance, and the process of its installation is very simple. The solar energy will be used to heat water which will provide power that is referred to as solar power. The solar power generated from the heated water will b used to generate electricity with the help of the photovoltaic cells. The electri city produced will be used during the night as it will be stored in the batteries. These photovoltaic cells can be used in the traffic lights, in the railway signals or even in water pumping. The solar energy will also be used in cooking by use of the solar cookers and heating of water. This will be very effective way of reducing huge home energy bills (Ollhoff, 2010). Even though solar energy has numerous advantages, and it is the upcoming most important source of nonrenewable energy, it does have its disadvantages. The solar energy does not work during the night or when the sun is not shining. This makes this source of energy to be very limited in terms of weather and the time of the day. Even though the energy is free of cost, the installation of the systems to be used is expensive especially the semi-conducting materials that are to be used in the systems (Ollhoff, 2010). In order to power an entire building, there is the requirement of a large array of solar ...

Jollibee Burgers - 1619 Words

BURGERS Gold Standard: most desirable or best attributes of a product that is highly acceptable to the customer. TEMP: served hot 130  °Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬ F TEXTURE: Bun soft and spongy not dry and soggy, Patty tender and juicy not dry, Cheese moist not hard and crumbly, Tomato firm and juicy DONENESS/TASTE: Patty fully cooked, no burnt taste, bun without distinct fermented flavor, no off taste on any ingredients. APPEARANCE: Ingredients are complete and properly portioned, packaging used is standard with no defect and neatly packed. Tools Utensils Patty: Patty turner, griddle scraper, patty searer, long tray, flat (Hamburger) tong Buns: Bun tray, bun spatula Sliced Cheese: Plastic container 417, 1/6x4 s/s pan w/†¦show more content†¦empty trays) - Consume until : MM-DD-BB (ry Champ) Rejection pts: - Sanitation defects - Unpleasant aroma/ off flavor - Large/ deep air holes in the crumbs - Uneven slice - Substandard texture - Raw starch on heel - Damage, wet, unsealed GS Attributes: Appearance: - uniform golden brown color - well shape, not crumpled appearance - evenly caramelized - absence of big blisters - fine air holes - no sanitation defects - sesame seeds evenly distributed on crown (Champ) Texture: - soft spongy - not dry or soggy Flavor - slightly sweet - not doughy, yeasty - without fermented odor/ taste SBD (Special Burger Dressing) - Primary : DP + 6 months (RT) - Sec: DO + 2 days (chiller) - 3K/pk, 6 pk/case - 4 cases high - CU: MMDDYY Rejection pts: - Torn/ damage packaging - Production or expiration dates not clearly printed. - Too strong flavor (sweetness, sourness, saltiness) - Off flavor, rancidity, spoilage GS Attributes: Appearance: - light pink w/ pinkish orange specks - pickle relish red bell pepper pcs uniformly distributed throughout Texture - smooth, thick and spread able - no lumps Flavor: - creamy, sweet with very slight tangy notes - with distinct mustard spicing Sliced Cheese - P: DSliced + 3 months (CH) - 140 slices/ bar - Reach in: 3 boxes - CU: BB-MM-DD-YY Rejection pts: - mold growth - excessively deformed - expiration date not clearlyShow MoreRelatedJollibee Business Plan1126 Words   |  5 PagesJOLLIBEE PHILIPPINES BUSINESS PLAN Evelyn A. 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GDP Expenditure Categories

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is generally thought of as a measure of an economys aggregate output or income, but, as it turns out, GDP also represents aggregate expenditure on an economys goods and services. Economists divide the spending on an economys goods and services into four components: Consumption, Investment, Government Purchases, and Net Exports. Consumption (C) Consumption, represented by the letter C, is the amount that households (i.e. not businesses or the government) spend on new goods and services. The one exception to this rule is housing since expenditure on new housing is placed in the investment category. This category counts all consumption spending regardless of whether the spending is on domestic or foreign goods and services, and the consumption of foreign goods is corrected for in the net exports category. Investment (I) Investment, represented by the letter I, is the amount that households and businesses spend on items that are used to make more goods and services. The most common form of investment is in capital equipment for businesses, but its important to remember that households purchases of new housing also counts as investment for GDP purposes. Like consumption, investment expenditure can be used to purchase capital and other items from either domestic or foreign producer, and this is corrected for in the net exports category. Inventory is another common investment category for businesses since items that are produced but not sold in a given time period are considered as having been purchased by the company that made them. Therefore, the accumulation of inventory is considered positive investment, and the liquidation of existing inventory is counted as negative investment. Government Purchases (G) In addition to households and businesses, the government can also consume goods and services and invest in capital and other items. These government purchases are represented by the letter G in the expenditure calculation. Its important to keep in mind that only government spending that goes towards producing goods and services is counted in this category, and transfer payments such as welfare and social security are not counted as government purchases for the purposes of GDP, mainly because transfer payments do not directly correspond to any type of production. Net Exports (NX) Net Exports, represented by NX, is simply equal to the amount of exports in an economy (X) minus the number of imports in that economy (IM), where exports are goods and services produced domestically but sold to foreigners and imports are goods and services produced by foreigners but purchased domestically. In other words, NX X - IM. Net exports is an important component of GDP for two reasons. First, items that are produced domestically and sold to foreigners should be counted in GDP, since these exports represent domestic production. Second, imports should be subtracted out from GDP since they represent foreign rather than domestic production but were allowed to sneak into the consumption, investment and government purchases categories. Putting the expenditure components together yields one of the most well-known macroeconomic identities: Y C I G NX In this equation, Y represents real GDP (i.e. domestic output, income, or expenditure on domestic goods and services) and the items on the right-hand side of the equation represent the components of expenditure listed above. In the US, consumption tends to be the largest component of GDP by far, followed by government purchases and then investment. Net exports tend to be negative because  the US typically imports more than it exports.

Homeless And Criminalization - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1324 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Homelessness Essay Did you like this example? The homeless face the same dilemma of criminalization around the world. In particular, the U.S., Brazil, and Hungary treat their poor people in an inhumane manner that violates multiple human rights. Introduction Every day, countless homeless individuals seek residence on the streets with whatever resources they can muster while being persecuted by every aspect of society. Forced off the streets, laws evict them from park benches and sidewalks. In the U.S., barely within 24 hours of not returning to a shelter, their place there can be taken from them, leaving them to fend off dangerous conditions outside, not knowing from where they will receive their next meal or the next time they will be able to wear clean clothing. Properly accounting for the homeless has proved to be a daunting task because people constantly move in and out of a state of homelessness and having a temporary or permanent place of residence. While it would be unsustainable to attempt to fix the problem by just handing resources to the homeless, many countries in which the burden of homelessness can be alleviated †such as in industrialized nations that have resources available could adjust their systems to allow more r esources to be allocated to the homeless such as food, clean water, shelter, money. People in non-socialist countries would likely fear that such an allocation of resources would be akin to that of communism, so they would likely not support that solution because of their country ideals. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Homeless And Criminalization" essay for you Create order Hungary According to a new Hungarian amendment, the amendment to Article XXII of the Hungarian constitution, it is now illegal for people to be homeless. The amendment states, In order to protect public order, public safety, public health, and cultural artifacts, an Act or a local government decree may, with respect to a specific part of public space, provide that using a public space as a habitual dwelling shall be illegal. Instead of protecting the order of society, by cracking down on all homeless persons Hungary has eliminated all legal protections for the homeless. Without someone to take regular care of them, they may have no other place to go. The European Union has responded by threatening the removal of Hungarys voice from the EU, however, they await a response from Hungary (Tomlinson n.p.). United States of America The United States of America remains among the worst offenders of persecuting individuals without homes on every scale. Politically, Americas laws try to incriminate them; economically, they are disadvantaged; socially, they are voiceless. According to the United States Department of Housing and Urban Developments Annual Homeless Assessment Report, there are approximately 554,000 homeless in the United States, almost 50,000 of those people are unaccompanied youth people under 25 years old. The U.S. justice system fails to protect their homeless by enforcing vague and cruel laws. Under these laws supported by the Constitution, cities are allowed to keep individuals off the streets, leaving them stuck in a cycle of being fined, not being able to pay the fine, going on trial for their refusal to pay the fine, serving time for infringing upon the law, then losing their place at a shelter for the night(s) they missed while serving jail time and not being able to receive a job because of t heir record, thus continuing the cycle. One such law found in cities across America forbids people from feeding the homeless. Because of this law, around 12 to 15 people were arrested in El Cajon for distributing food and supplies (Winkley n.p.). Significance of Research The laws imposed by these countries blatantly violate the basic human rights of the low income and the destitute unable to establish a permanent residence. In doing so they demonstrate a power dynamic in which their governments suppress the voices of the poor to prevent them from speaking out against officials who may look bad. This is unconstitutional and a human rights violation because it takes away from their freedom of speech, as when they are arrested under arbitrary laws and imprisoned, they can no longer voice their opinions. In situations in which they are imprisoned, they lose their places at shelters, they lose the opportunity to obtain a job, they could lose whatever job they have if they have one, and their future possible career may suffer. This is because corporations and smaller businesses can and more likely than not will deny them job positions based on their record or living status, leaving them with the burden of finding a job somewhere else. This burden is also a weak form of power because their ability to choose the jobs they want are already so limited. Even if they are to obtain a job, their job will likely be insufficient as a living wage, which for Americans ranges from an average of $45,000 to $68,000 (Kolmar n.p.). In the same way, if they wanted to obtain higher education, it would be much more difficult if they have a criminal record, regardless of what laws they violated or what laws violated them. This is a violation of their basic human right to education. Homeless shelters reserve for the homeless the power to avoid being fined for living on the streets and allow them to more easily obtain a job, become more educated, obtain a more permanent residence, and (Kolmar n.p.). Another important consideration is that the public discrimination they face can wreak havoc on their dignity and self-esteem. Society sees them through critical eyes and treats them as it does criminals. The law forces them into hiding as if they should be accountable for their homelessness, then tosses away their rights in court. Businesses treat them like animals. The public insults them while mocking their disposition, shaming them into submission. Their families if they have them and they are not also homeless see them as failures or burdens that they can no longer afford to bear. Because of the stress, so many lose hope for themselves. As a result of the emotional torment and physical distress, those in destitute situations worldwide have resorted to suicide, self-harm, drugs, alcohol, prostitution.Lastly, all 3 countries are in violation of Articles 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 17, 23, 24 25 of human rights law established by the E.U. Conclusion All societies have disappointed the homeless in failing to provide them with what they need to succeed in life. Some have made noble attempts such as Finland, who is seeing its rates of homelessness decreasing. (Busch-Geertsema, ) The solution that it proposed and is employing is giving homes to the homeless. Others like the U.S. and Hungary only make it more difficult for the homeless to come out of their situations by imposing laws that effectively keep those in extreme poverty from advancing in society. It would be in every countrys interest to at least consider the longer-term benefits of reducing then eliminating homelessness. Works Cited Robertson, Marjorie J, and Milton Greenblatt. Homelessness: a National Perspective. New York: Plenum Press, 1992. Schutt, Russell K., et al. Responding to the Homeless: Policy and Practice. Plenum Press, 1992. Violations of the Human Rights of Persons Experiencing National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, www.nlchp.org/documents/sr-ep-2017. Hungarian Parliament. Hungarian Constitution. 2018, https://www.parlament.hu/irom41/00332/00332-0011.pdf Tomlinson, Akira. Hungary Constitution Bans Homeless from Living in Public Spaces. Jurist, 16 Oct. 2018, www.jurist.org/news/2018/10/hungary-constitution-bans-homeless-from-living-in-public-spaces/. Winkley, Lyndsay. About a Dozen People Arrested for Feeding the Homeless in El Cajon Park. Sandiegouniontribune.com, 16 Jan. 2018, www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/sd-me-20180114-story.html. Henry, M., Watt, R., Rosenthal, L. and Shivji, A. (2018). The 2017 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress. [online] Hudexchange.info. Available at: https://www.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2017-AHAR-Part-1.pdf. Kolmar, Chris. This Is How Much A Living Wage Is In Each State. Zippia, research.zippia.com/living-wage.html. Bonner, A., Luscombe, C. (2009). Suicide and homelessness. Journal of Public Mental Health, 8(3), 7-19. doi:https://dx.doi.org.jproxy.lib.ecu.edu/10.1108/17465729200900016 Busch-Geertsema, Volker. (2010) The Finnish National Programme to reduce long-term homelessness.

In his 2006 film, Still Life, Jia Zhangke creates an...

In his 2006 film, Still Life, Jia Zhangke creates an enigmatic case study of alienation and displacement. Through the use of space, both literal and figurative, and long, extended takes that expand the perception of time Zhangke tells the story of a people who are victims of their own environment. What is perhaps most striking of the film, beyond even the existential and political undertones, is the division drawn between the cold and demonstrative attitude the government adopts towards its citizens and the warm, caring daily interactions between the people themselves. The film opens with the protagonist, Han Sanming, arriving to the city of Fengjie in a fashion almost as languid as the boat ride there. The story follows a narrative,†¦show more content†¦In the final scene of the movie Han informs the others of his decision to return to his home in Shanxi and work in the coal mines until he can repay the debt that keeps his daughter bound to her employer. Upon hearing the news his fellow workmen share a pack of cigarettes and drink to his safety and good fortune, as well as making a pact that they will follow Han to Shanxi and work alongside him in the mines. The scene is perhaps dry and longwinded, but the emotional recourse is so powerful that it warrants a simple aesthetic to balance the tone of the story with the mood it instills upon the audience. The fact that such camaraderie can arise in a world of detachment and enmity brings the closure that Zhangke has slowly and brilliantly steered the audience towards since the beginning of th e film. Compared to the heartfelt bond that Han shares with his co-workers, the relationship of the government with its people is a stark alliance that extends to the opposite end of the emotional spectrum. The public dissatisfaction with national policy is summed up in the simple image of the Chinese character for destroy placed by government officials on particular buildings without the consent of the people. The white paint almost emanates from the rust and corrosion of the homes it is placed upon and the response of those afflicted are just as harsh. The people shout and plead with government officials, but are only met with apathy and

Christmas Time Free Essays

Christmas Time Everyone knows that there’s no better feeling than the night before Christmas, as you gather around at Grandma’s house and exchange gifts with the family. The warm smell of a freshly baked batch of sugar cookies flowing through your nose, and the excitement inside as you stare at your gift trying to guess what’s inside. I can hear the sharp ripping of wrapping paper as all the children around me rush through the paper to find what they have received and the laughter of the adults around as the child forms a giant grin of their face after seeing what they’ve gotten. We will write a custom essay sample on Christmas Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now I can feel the heat coming from the fire place as the fire crackles and sparks. After everyone finishes opening their gifts and visiting with family, we all go our separate ways on our way home to get to bed. I can feel the excitement rushing through me as I hug everyone goodbye and hear the words â€Å"Merry Christmas† in my ear. On the drive home I observe the bright colorful Christmas lights draped over every house we pass, and the creative snowmen and snow angels made by small children. The sound of cheerful Christmas songs playing on the radio while we all sing along travels through my ears. When I get home I hurry up and put my pajamas on so I can help my mom frost and decorate the cookies before heading to bed. The taste of the leftover frosting melts on my tongue when I lick it off of my fingers. I can hear the sprinkle of the various colors of sprinkles hit the counter as I sprinkle them on the cookie. When finishing the cookies, the warm feeling inside grows rapidly and I take the next step towards Christmas morning, pouring the glass of milk and leaving a few cookies out on the counter on a plate for ‘Santa’. I take a leap into my bed and pull the covers up to my neck as the excitement is hard to bare. The next morning I wake up bright and early and jump out of bed running to every room waking up the family to open the gifts. I quickly run into the living room, and take a glance at the tree to see a large amount of presents of all different sizes under it. My parents drag themselves out of bed, grab the video camera and take a seat on the couch. My sister and I rush through the presents, screaming and laughing at what we find inside. As you sit next to the tree and take a better look at everything you’ve opened, you catch a quick whiff of the pine. You look up and stare at the tree, its lights, and the many ornaments of all shapes and sizes. I give hugs and kisses to my parents and thank them for everything they’ve bought me this Christmas. I take a look out the window and see the big white fluffy snowflakes falling and I get one last spark of excitement as I think about how Christmas really is the happiest time of the year. How to cite Christmas Time, Essay examples

Implementation of Information System in Cookies Limited

Question: Discuss about theImplementation of Information System in Cookies Limited. Answer: Introduction The living standards of the peoples have increased in the recent years and the personal computers are being used extensively in every phase of life. The peoples are using the online web interface for shopping and it is becoming an indispensible part of their lifestyle. The online presence of a business is becoming necessary and it reduces the operation cost of a business while increasing the efficiency and profit percentage of a business (Hashem et al., 2015). The online web interface can be implemented for maintaining transparency and communicating directly with the consumers. The report is prepared for development of a web interface for Cookies limited and manages the transaction of the business and the customer details for increasing the efficiency of the current business process. The report describes the data collection and storage system to be used in the system and the design of the system is described in the report. The importance of the system for the business continuity is also discussed in the report. Data Collection and Storage For the proper working of the system, the organizational information is required to be loaded in the information system. The data is required to be gathered from different source with systematic observation and searching the local transaction management system of the company (Galliers Leidner, 2014). The data can be stored in cloud servers such that it can be accessed from any remote location and reduce the cost of deployment and management of local database servers. Data Collection System The system is required to be designed to collect the customer information and suggest them the best product after analyzing their behavior. The data in the information system acts as a basic input for the decision-making process of the business. The main purpose of the collection of the data is to obtain information and keep the records of the customer for making decision. The customer records such as their transaction details and buying preference are recorded in the database of the information system for providing recommendation about the best product (Leong et al., 2016). The data stored in the database are classified as primary and secondary data the primary data are data that are collected from the field and it is the original raw data with a special purpose. The primary data can be collected using a questionnaire or a feedback form from the customer and stored in the database with the respective customer ID. The secondary data are collected that does not have any purpose relate d with the current project (Wang, Wang Liu, 2016). The data that is reused for multiple times are termed as secondary data. The sales records, marketing activity, cost information, feedback of the customer is termed as the secondary data. Storage System The data residing in the database are stored in different file formats and is categorized in different types of memory such as primary, secondary and tertiary memory. The primary storage are the storage units that can be directly accessed by the CPU and they are termed as high speed memory. It stores the data and transfers it to the secondary storage, the secondary storage are hard drives or flash drives and is used for the storage of the customer and the organizational information (Taylor et al., 2014). The tertiary storage is used for storing huge volume of data and for this cloud service are chosen, using which the data is backed up. The selection of the cloud service would help the organization to reduce the maintenance cost of the database and also increase the efficiency of the current system. Data in Action Consumer Centric Product Design With the increase in the technology and the innovation, there has been an explosive growth in the information and data and they are required to be stored to meet the growing demand. The information system is required to be designed such that it can efficiently handle the growing customer demands and expectations (Rahayu Day, 2015). The big data can be applied for handling the huge amount of the data. The efficient handling of the data would help the company maintain a long-term customer relationship and help to provide recommendation for the buyers to purchase multiple types of products. The focus of the development of the new information system must be on building good customer relationship and maintain their records (Bhatti, 2015). The collaboration with new partners across the value chain and recording their information is also required for increasing the efficiency of the system. The core business principles are required to be analyzed for development of a strong framework and a lign the information system with the current needs. Recommendation System The recommended information system must record the information of the customer and handle the huge number of customer request efficiently. It is recommended that the big data can be applied for enhancing the awareness, understanding and forecasting the sales. The big data must be used efficiently and data scientists and practitioners must be included in the development process for analyzing the technical possibility for the application of big data (Chiu et al., 2014). The system development must be started with analysis of the requirement and the available technologies that can increase the efficiency of the current system. The clear understanding of the requirement and developing a use case and ER diagram for the project would make the development process easier (Abbasi, Sarker Chiang, 2016). The leading competitive industries must be analyzed for selection of the appropriate technology and develop the current information system of Cookies Limited. For the expansion of the business and implement an e-commerce platform a proper estimation is required to be made and the utilization of the big data is required to be analyzed. Business Continuity The business continuity is described as the responsibility of a business and enabling the business to stay in the competitive position in the market. The activities important for the managing the developed information system and identify the potential threat for the developed system analyzed. A good business plan includes the following components that helps to maintain the continuity of the business. Handling power failures- The developed information system must be connected with a secondary source of power such that system is kept up in case of power outrage IT system crashes- If any error occurs in the system it should be resolved immediately appointing a skilled set of programmers and the technical experts (Fang et al., 2014) Natural disaster- A risk management plan for handling any natural disaster is required to be created and the data residing in the database must be backed up in cloud servers such that there is no loss of organizational data. Supply chain management problem- The records of the supplier raw material must be loaded in the database of the system and the system must be able to create invoice for the materials purchased. How Online Business can Survive in Case of Power Outage or other Disasters? The information system must be developed such that it can handle any situation and meet the growing demands of the customer. The database of the developed system must backed up for handling any disaster occurring in the business and improve the security and reliability of the system (Chen Zhang, 2014). The system must be available to the user 24 * 7 and should be connected with a secondary power source such that the system does not shuts down if there is power cut. There should be a proper risk management plan for handling the risk arising after the development of the information system. Technical staffs and a database administrator must be appointed to manage the system and resolve any technical problem immediately (Friedman et al., 2013). The system must have a strong network backbone and immediately respond to the query of the customer or the admin. The ability of the system to handle the errors and facilitate the business improves the sales of the business and reliability of the customer. This also increase the customer loyalty and helps the business to gain competitive advantage in the current marketplace. Conclusion From the above report, it can be concluded that with the implementation of the information system Cookies limited would be benefited. The report is prepared describing the strategic goals of the customer centric design and the data driven business model. A proper planning for the development of a future proof data driven information system is documented in the report and the technologies that can be applied for the development of the system is discussed in the report. Big data and cloud computing is required to be implemented for managing the growing data due to the growth of the organization. The system is developed to take feedback from the customer regarding the improvement of the product and suggest them different types of product analyzing their purchase history and search patterns. The data collection and storage is discussed. Planning for building a consumer centric design is created and recommendation for the system is given. References Abbasi, A., Sarker, S., Chiang, R. H. (2016). Big data research in information systems: Toward an inclusive research agenda.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,17(2), 3. Bhatti, T. (2015). Exploring factors influencing the adoption of mobile commerce.The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce,2007. Chen, C. P., Zhang, C. Y. (2014). Data-intensive applications, challenges, techniques and technologies: A survey on Big Data.Information Sciences,275, 314-347. Chiu, C. M., Wang, E. T., Fang, Y. H., Huang, H. Y. (2014). Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C e?commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk.Information Systems Journal,24(1), 85-114. Fang, Y., Qureshi, I., Sun, H., McCole, P., Ramsey, E., Lim, K. H. (2014). Trust, Satisfaction, and Online Repurchase Intention: The Moderating Role of Perceived Effectiveness of E-Commerce Institutional Mechanisms.Mis Quarterly,38(2), 407-427. Friedman, B., Kahn Jr, P. H., Borning, A., Huldtgren, A. (2013). Value sensitive design and information systems. InEarly engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory(pp. 55-95). Springer Netherlands. Galliers, R. D., Leidner, D. E. (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hashem, I. A. T., Yaqoob, I., Anuar, N. B., Mokhtar, S., Gani, A., Khan, S. U. (2015). The rise of big data on cloud computing: Review and open research issues.Information Systems,47, 98-115. Leong, C. M. L., Pan, S. L., Newell, S., Cui, L. (2016). The Emergence of Self-Organizing E-Commerce Ecosystems in Remote Villages of China: A Tale of Digital Empowerment for Rural Development.Mis Quarterly,40(2), 475-484. Rahayu, R., Day, J. (2015). Determinant factors of e-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing country: evidence from Indonesia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,195, 142-150. Taylor, I. J., Deelman, E., Gannon, D. B., Shields, M. (2014).Workflows for e-Science: scientific workflows for grids. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated. Wang, W. T., Wang, Y. S., Liu, E. R. (2016). The stickiness intention of group-buying websites: The integration of the commitmenttrust theory and e-commerce success model.Information Management,53(5), 625-642.

Marbury V Madison Essay Example For Students

Marbury V Madison Essay In 1800, President John Adams lost his bid for re-election. Thomas Jefferson wasvoted in for the president. Adams, being a Federalist, disagreed with the beliefs ofJefferson, a republican, and feared that he would shift the power in the government to thestates. To prevent this, Adams created many new judicial posts and filled them withFederalists. He did this in quite a rush, being he was going to be out of office soon. Allthe appointments were given to his Secretary of State to be sealed and delivered. Secretary of State Marshall completed all the documents except for the ones for theappointments for the District of Columbia. He assumed the next Secretary of State wouldcomplete them. When Jefferson found out about this he was mad. He order the newSecretary of State, James Madison, not to deliver the final appointments to the selectedjudges. One of the judges that didnt get his promised appointment was WilliamMarbury. Marbury decided to take action in court. Marburys argument was supportedby Section 13 of the Judiciary Act. This stated the courts could force an official toperform an official duty. This is called a writ of mandamus. Marbury took this claim tothe Supreme Court. The Justice of the Supreme Court is now James Marshall, Adamsold Secretary of State. If he issued the writ, Madison would ignore it and the court wouldbe perceived as powerless. If he didnt issue it, people would think he was a traitor to hisFederalist party. On February 24, 1803 a decision was rendered. It stated that Marburywas entitled to his appointment and that a court could issue a writ of madamus. He thenwent on to say that Section 13 was contrary to Article III of the Constitution which saidthat the Supreme Court had no original jurisdiction in the case. So a lesser court couldThis cases importance isnt that William Marbury got his appointment as a judgein D. C. but that the Supreme court had the right to declare laws and acts unconstitutional. In this case Section 13 was considered conflicting with Article III and was thereforeunconstitutional. This case said that the Constitution is the supreme and binding law ofthe land. It also pioneered a process, which after the Civil War was named JudicialReview. Judicial Review is the power of a court to refuse to enforce a law that in theopinion of the judges conflicts with the Constitution. This is considered by many to bethe most important Supreme Court decision ever. Its ramifications on modern day societyThe belief of John Marshall and the other supreme court justices, that theSupreme Court had the power to declare laws unconstitutional can be found inHamiltons 78th Federalist Paper. In this paper Hamilton says that the Constitution islaw, and judges, not legislative or executives, should interpret the law. This is basicallythe same thing Marshall stated on that February 24th. A day not as famous, as July 4thbut is right behind it, in being one of the most important days this country has had inBibliography:

How to Create an Education Philosophy Essay Sample

How to Create an Education Philosophy Essay SampleThe education philosophy essay is no ordinary essay. The essay is designed to use the ideas in the text and put them into a variety of different situations that students can relate to. It is a unique and personal essay that will have your ideas on education for college or university.This type of essay is meant to give the ideal college student a good idea of what it takes to go to school and be successful. It also gives the average student an idea of what they are interested in as far as education goes. The essay has to be interesting, relevant, and make it easier for the reader to relate to the idea. Here are some tips for creating a successful education philosophy essay.One important concept is that the essay should look like the topic of the essay is the one that the reader wants to learn about. Make sure that the author does not have a lot of information that would make the reader want to skip ahead. Having too much information wo uld make the reader feel that the author is too dense to know where he or she is going.The essay should have five or more different categories. The categories should include themes, examples, ways that the author relates to his or her chosen topic, ways that the person relates to his or her career, and other related topics. By writing this way, the reader will have an idea as to why the author chose to write this particular essay.The last thing that the author should do is be careful not to overdo the use of vocabulary and speak so much that it might be confusing the reader. The reader should not be confused about the information that is presented in the essay, since the meaning of the content will vary based on the different points of view the author uses.Writing an education philosophy essay can be done quickly and easily. One does not need to be great at research or know the subject well to get an idea about how to do it.All in all, the education philosophy essay is a very unique and personal essay that can help to inspire the reader as to why he or she decided to be an educated person. If you are looking for inspiration for writing one, try using this idea.

The Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Landlady by Roald Dahl Essay Example For Students

The Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Landlady by Roald Dahl Essay The Signalman is a short story from the author Charles Dickens and was written in the mid 19th Century; The Landlady is also a short story written by Roald Dahl. The Signalman is a ghost story and The Landlady is a mystery story; however, there are many similarities that the two stories show. At the start of The Signalman there are many things that seem strange. The signalman from the very opening is peculiar; his actions, such as how he looks at the narrator with fixed attention and how he doesnt even acknowledge him, is far from seemingly normal behaviour. We will write a custom essay on The Signalman by Charles Dickens and The Landlady by Roald Dahl specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The description of the train approaching the tunnel is also strange. The train is said to have had the force to draw me down, implying a supernatural presence right from the start. The opening of The Landlady, however, is quite different. Everything at the start seems to be perfectly normal that is except Billy Weaver who is already shown by Dahl to be very naive. One key thing in the opening is the appearance of Bath itself. Baths seems to be a place with no character, as when being informed about the houses we are told they are: all of them identical -, giving no individuality or character to the city. The city seems old and run-down shown by how the paint was peeling from the woodwork on their doors and windows, and that the handsome white facades were cracked and blotchy from neglect. The overall view we receive of Bath is that it is simply dead, which is a direct link to The Signalman; this is except for the Bed and Breakfast. The inside of the Bed and Breakfast contrasts dramatically with the outside as Billy looks in. It seems warm and comfortable with the flowers, the bright fire and the pretty little daschund, which we later discover to be a great misconception on ours, and Billys, behalf. The outside, which seems dead, is completely different to the inside of the Bed and Breakfast, which is full of life with the flowers and the animals. The Signalman brings the reader to an appearance of death and gloominess, which is the environment in which everything in the story happens. The Landlady creates a false sense of reality with the Bed and Breakfast seeming very different from what is actually the case. The Signalman is set in a dark, gloomy, damp place. The position is very isolated in a deep trench. The only way down is along an unusually precipitate path made of clammy stone, which became oozier and wetter as I went down. The narrator describes the place to be the most solitary and dismal place I ever saw. As the narrator went down further along the path he became aware of an earthly deadly smell that was because the region never saw sunlight, the source of all life. The further the narrator passed down the path the more it seemed to be an unnatural world. The picture that we, the reader, imagine from the description is very much like a grave; very fitting as both that, and the story itself, is involved with death. The Landlady is set in a major city, but not at all one full of life. Again this story is set at night. The air is said to be deadly cold with the wind like a flat blade of ice on Weavers cheeks. Here there is an impression of pain from the cold wind but there is also pain in the signalman with how he suffers greatly with what happens. The contrast comes only when we see the Bed and Breakfast, which is completely different. Both of the stories are set in isolated places with the entire story of The Signalman being set in the signal box and the surrounding valley, and The Landlady being set mainly in the house. Isolation is a very important part to both stories as it is a key factor in most ghost and mystery stories, the two genres to which these belong. Both The Signalman and The Landlady have very themes to the stories, beyond what we actually see. In The Signalman the main theme is showing us the effect that isolation has on someone. Through the character of the signalman, Dickens shows us the fear and haunting someone can undergo when away from the rest of the world. Dickens also looks upon fate and destiny throughout The Signalman and the idea that we cant do anything about what has already been decided for us. In The Landlady Dahl is also focussing on isolation but not in the same way as Dickens. Here we are the ones that experience the fear for what may happen to Weaver, but the character himself is completely unaffected. .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .postImageUrl , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:hover , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:visited , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:active { border:0!important; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:active , .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043 .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ube5434f6c113e83b8ad896f48a18b043:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Maggie Girl of the Streets Huck Finn - Family Life EssayBoth of the stories also have the theme of the unknown, and also death, but are very different from one another; in The Signalman the unknown is in the spectres appearances and what they mean, where in The Landlady the unknown is with why there have only been three guests in total and also with what is going to happen to Weaver. From the two different stories we are shown that fear is clearly something in the mind; with how we see things in The Landlady without any actual evidence to substantiate our views, and with how the visitor sees things in the story compared with the signalman. The characters in The Signalman are vital for the story. The signalman is shown to be a very strange character right from our opening introduction to him. His behaviour with how he expectantly looked down the line, and how he ignores our narrator initially, then when he does turn to our narrator he stares at him with fixed attention but doesnt speak is hardly what could be considered to be normal behaviour. He seems to be very distant and mysterious. When the narrator sees him he seems a dark sallow man, someone whose entire features are dark, with how the narrator describes him to have a dark beard and rather heavy eyebrows creates tension. However, despite theses strange qualities, he seems to be a very reliable person who is worthy of great credibility and is excellent at his job. His brightness is clear as he has taught himself a language but we are also told that he struggles with other things such as figures. The most important thing we see about his character is how dedicated he is to his job. He is definitely a credit to the company from what we see. The visitor, our narrator, is a very inquisitive person; this is clear by how he initially goes down to the signal box. He is also a very caring person, shown with how he thinks about the narrator and what is best for him. However, he is also very responsible with how he is worried about the signalmans state of mind for the safety and well being of others. He is rational and punctual but apart from this we know very little about him apart from it seems that he is not from around the area. The characters in The Landlady are very different from those in The Signalman. Billy Weaver is an eager and enthusiastic young man, who is also very gullible and naive. This is clear from his ridiculous idea on briskness being the way to success, which is very humorous to us, the reader. His naivety is also shown with how he doesnt suspect anything with the landlady. The landlady is a very strange character, but not at all in the same way as the signalman. Her behaviour is very irrational. Her attitude could simply be considerate and caring but we dont see this as being the case and rather see it as a false front. In fact we know very little about this, but this only adds to the mystery of the story. The styles of the two writers also differ. Dickens uses great descriptive passages throughout the story. He also uses vivid imagery, such as how he describes the setting of the story to be a tomb or a grave both of which are a direct link to the events in the story. ie. Death. Dickens also uses metaphor in his descriptions a great deal, such as great dungeon. Between the two characters there are great contrasting views, which Dickens has incorporated to give us all possible views of the situation. Dahl, on the other-hand, focuses his style of writing in this piece on humour and dramatic irony. He brings the naivety of Weaver through to add to the humour and irony of each of the little pieces of revealed evidence throughout. He also shows everything from two sides. He gives great misconceptions throughout the story leaving us guessing at many things; perfect for a mystery story. In The Signalman the dialogue that Dickens uses between the characters expresses how the signalman is feeling, however, he more clearly shows this with the body language of the character. .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .postImageUrl , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:hover , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:visited , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:active { border:0!important; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:active , .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9 .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71a3cb8ca4ef24ec6955411260efc4d9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Conan Doyle EssayBeing the first person narrative there is effective dialogue when the narrator is conveying his ideas to us directly; due to this style of approach, we can begin to visualise how we would feel in the same scenario. Quite simply because of the way the narrative is put to us we see things on a far more personal level than if it was simply a third person overview of events. We also believe what we are told more readily but also question far more, as we question our own feelings. Dahl uses dialogue excellently in The Landlady. With how things are said, by the landlady especially, it leads us to see two sides of everything. Being in the 3rd person narrative we can simply laugh at the character of Weaver with how ridiculous he is. But, also, due to this style of writing, we begin to see all side to the story because of it being an overview. However, Billy is also quite an engaging character. Partly due to how naive he is, but also how eager and responsible he is, we begin to relate to the character as we too could put ourselves in the situation as we know little more about the Landlady than he. Dickens creates suspense by giving us dramatic pieces of information, which have no meaning on their own but serve to keep our attention and interest and also gradually build up the whole picture. The suspense in the story starts at the opening descriptions of the setting, and then the character of the signalman and his story, as we begin to build up a picture and gain an understanding of everything but cant; it end partly when we are told the complete story on the second night but only completely when the signalman dies as then we understand more about the spectre. Dahl, however, creates suspense because of the view we have of what could have happened to the previous two guests and what could be slowly happening now to Weaver. The suspense basically starts from when she opens the door but especially from when we learn that there have been only two other guests previous to that night. There is a great feeling of suspense we feel about the bitter almond taste to the tea. Dahl keeps the mystery going right through to the end, as without us knowing what is going to happen to Billy the suspense doesnt go. Certain qualities of the plots of the two stories are the same: they both involve the unknown, death, both stories happen at night, and both involve unexplainable occurrences, or events. In The Signalman, Dickens looks at the supernatural with the connection between the spectre and the deaths of the different people. It also looks at the fact of believing people when there is no reason to do so. The Landlady has a very sinister plot but doesnt have nearly as much depth as The Signalman. Therefore, I think the plot of The Signalman is more effective as with having more depth is more interesting to read. The ending of The Signalman wasnt at all what I expected to happen because before that point nothing had happened to the signalman himself. The ending is very dramatic and the link between what the narrator says in the first line of the story to what the train driver was shouting is excellently thought out. However, I believe Dickens made a mistake with the final paragraph, as quite simply it just isnt needed. Dahls ending to The Landlady is excellent for a mystery story as it is left completely open. We are left to guess at the end and make our own conclusions, as we have done throughout the story. Due to this, we also question ourselves as there is still no evidence to substantiate our claims of sinister happenings we see occurring. In conclusion I prefer The Signalman by Dickens as it has a better storyline and plot. His use of style, language, and dialogue are also excellent and add greatly to the story. The characters have been expertly created and elaborated upon through the events of the story. One of the biggest reasons I prefer Dickens story to that by Dahl is because of the themes it looks at and how it makes us question ourselves and our own views and so many things, and not just those looked at in the story.

The Kurds in Modern Iraq

The Kurds in Modern Iraq Introduction Kurds are people who originated from Indian and European races. They reside in the hilly regions of the borders between Iraq, Turkey, and Iran. This region where the Kurds live is referred to as Kurdistan. They have a different culture from their neighboring people in Iraq.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Kurds in Modern Iraq specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They also have a different language of their own. Their language is quite related to Persia, although it differs by some two dialects. Their main religion is Sunni Muslim although they accommodate some Christian, Jewish, and Yazidis religious groups among them. Their total population by the 1987 census was 19.7 million people in the Kurdistan region. Their population in the entire world numbers at 25-35 million people, although their estimated population usually varies. They are spread out especially in Russia and Europe. Kurdis policies of nationalism have continued to worry Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran. During Saddam Hussein’s regime, the Kurds suffered atrocities under this administration. Their independence was minimized especially during the Gulf war of 1991. Their good relationship with Iraq became questionable when Saddam Hussein was overthrown in the year 2003. They have since been making several attempts to self govern themselves. Currently, they have around eight political parties that are actively involved in all political issues. These political parties are the major machines they use to drive them to their homelands. As we speak, the Kurds are ruled by one government called the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). This government began to reign in 1991 and is still operational to date. Their success story made a major leap forward by the death of former Iraqi dictator, Saddam Hussein. Since then, the United States has been helping the Kurds in reconstruction and ensuring their security is guara nteed. It is also purported that should the security of Kurds be threatened by bloodshed and destruction from Iraq, the United States will gear up in support for an independent Kurdish state. Recent History of Kurds The Kurds are sometimes referred to as a people without a nation because they are unarguably the largest ethnic group without a country of their own. From the time the modern state of Iraq was created, the Kurd’s history has been characterized with instances of underdevelopment, political turmoil and cultural repression, destruction, revolutionary revolts and ethnic cleansing. Genocide has also characterized the Kurd’s society.Advertising Looking for research paper on eastern europe? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Iraq has been engaged in major campaigns to obliterate the Kurd’s synergetic approach towards gaining independence. Many people have been killed and scores injured when Sad dam’s administration ear marked the Kurdish society for destruction. The main aim of these attacks was to thwart any efforts by the Kurds to arise against the national government. Thus, resistance movements were countered with rigorous military operations by the Iraqi government. In post-Saddam Iraq, many political and ethnic issues have arisen in relation to Kurd’s assimilation into the Iraqi state. Many opinions have been given concerning how this issue should be dealt with. Some people have been supporting the formation of five-state Iraq with the region occupied by the Kurd’s forming one of the states. Another option includes the northern self governing section organized not on ethnic basis but on regional basis. It is quite important to note that some of the neighboring countries have not been in support of an independent Kurd state. Turkey as an example has been strongly opposing this fight for freedom[1]. The modern history of the Kurdish people is theref ore examined in two phases. The first one is the phases of the fight between the Kurdish populace and the governments, which they are subject for control. The second involves the struggle of the Kurds to become a sound community[2]. The Kurds during Saddam’s Reign The contemporary Kurd’s history during Saddam Hussein’s reign can only discuss the events that happened during Saddam Hussein’s last years of dictatorship. These are the years 2000 up to 2003 in Iraqi’s history. Saddam’s reign was characterized by Kurd’s repression. There were secret police tortures, murders, forced disappearance and the use of chemical weapons. Assassinations were also common during this period. Saddam’s methods of eliminating Kurd’s resistance included gassing. Up to the year of his death, there were still many widespread imprisonments. Political participation was only allowed to those politicians who belonged to the Baath Party. It is amazin g that this political party consisted of only 8% of the total population of Iraq. Hussein’s administration had also made numerous torture centers where citizens considered resistant to the national government use to be tortured. The Kurds in Post-Saddam Iraq The Kurds have been the most pro-US group in Iraq since time immemorial. They welcomed the U.S invasion of Iraq thereafter cooperating with the U.S political and military officials. In return to this, the Kurds have been expecting the U.S to support them in their fight for self governance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Kurds in Modern Iraq specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is the reason as to why they do not want the United States to leave Iraq without proper arrangement so that the United States does not abandon Iraq and the Kurds[3]. Turkey refused to support the U.S invasion from the beginning. However, the country has expressed her support in the withdrawal project that will end in the year 2011. Since the invasion of the U.S led troops to Iraq, the Kurds entered into active post-Saddam national politics on equal footing with Iraq’s Arabs. They did this by participating in a U.S-led occupation administration. This government operated under a ‘Transition Administrative Law’. The constitution also preserved the Kurds’ self-governing ‘Kurdistan (Religion) Government’ and its supremacy to modify the application of some (national) laws. Another provision of this constitution permitted the Kurds to continue to field their militia numbering close to one hundred thousand. The Kurds continued their support of the constitution (in the year 2005) for the reason that this charter seemed to fulfill their momentous demands. The endorsement of this constitution by the Kurds was also because it also included the Kurd’s insistence on federalism. This allowed for the formal creatio n of regions that had their own regional governments. The constitution recognized the presence of three Kurdish regions which are Dohuk, Irbil, and Sulaymaniyah as legal regions. This constitution appears to have given the Kurds more strength in relation to politics. Many controversies arose concerning the political assertion of the Kurds and the system of governance by the central government. Thus, Iraqi minority groups would later protest at this excessive assertion of demands by the Kurds arguing that it threatened Iraqi’s integrity. On the other hand, the Kurd’s believed that the central government’s system of leadership is not living up to its promises to build a diverse multi ethnic democracy[4]. Political Orientation of the Kurds A short history of the Kurdish political parties shows that the mainstream Shiite Islamic parties are the main parties that boast a huge membership of the Kurds. The main reason as to why Kurds have been politically oriented in t hese parties is because they seemed to be yielding to their demands. However, in the year 2008, the Kurds began to break with Da’wa party headed by Maliki. This was because he failed to accede to their main demands. The main demands that were not redressed were issues concerning terrorist activities in the northern parts of Iraq[5].Advertising Looking for research paper on eastern europe? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Maliki offset by reproving the Kurds that they were trying to practice issues that were unconstitutional[6] outside their protective limits and setting up Kurds envoy offices in alien nations. For these reasons, the Kurds representative and the Iraqi prime minister stayed for more than a year before meeting in 2009. Since then, it has been reported by observers that the main Kurdish factions are no longer king makers in central government politics. This was evident when the number of seats held by the two main factions was reduced from 53 to 43, between the year 2006 and 2010. Currently, there has been a lot of political bickering within the Kurdish factions. This is why up until now; there has been no executive branch that has been chosen among the main parties seven months after the elections. The effect of this relationship is that it has reduced the straggle for self governance by the Kurds. Thus, Kurdish independence is not an active source of friction between the two factions. However, the issue still remains to be of topical concern to Iraqi’s neighbors that have Kurds minorities. The Betrayal of the Kurds There have been many instances by both the local government of Iraq and foreign governments have done that have been taken as acts of betrayal of the Kurds. The Kurds have been considered as a vulnerable ethnic group existing in many countries neighboring Iraq and beyond. The U.S has been involved in major operations aimed at guaranteeing security to this marginalized community. From the time of President George W. Bush senior through the Obama administration, things have been taking different twists and turns for the Kurds. When the United States declared her mission to topple Saddam, the Kurds expressed their willingness to join in the exercise. They encouraged the United States in this operation thereby advising them to send notes in major Iraqi cities that announced that the United States were coming as liberators. In this action, the Kurds were fighting against the repression that was being propagated by the Iraqi regime and the Turkish authorities[7]. The Kurds also experienced some acts of betrayal from the Palestinian people. The argument goes this way. The Palestinian people have been strongly opposing the idea of formation of a state for the Kurdish people. Yet, as a matter of fact, the Palestinians have been in a strong demand for their autonomy in Israeli soil. Taking into consideration that the Kurdish people outnumber the Palestinians in population, the double mouthed Palestinians ought to either support the autonomy of the Kurds or they stop demanding for their autonomy from the Israeli’s. Thus the betrayals have arisen due to the souring deal between the Kurds and the U.S.A, and between the Kurds and the Turkish administration. The Kurds expected the United States to act in favor of their demand for autonomy as a way of reciprocating. Also the United States has been accused by the Kurds of supportin g the establishment of an antidemocratic leadership in Iraq. The U.S.A has also been accused further, of supporting Turkish administration in anti autonomous Kurds campaign. The Unknown Oppression of the Kurds The Kurds are reported to be treated not quite well in all the surrounding countries that they occupy. Some of the nations have been treating them badly because the Kurds have been resisting the efforts their host countries have been making in trying to assimilate them into their citizenry. The Kurds do not want to be called Arabs. They are therefore treated as second class citizens. In Iraq, the situation has seemingly subsided. However, in neighboring countries such as Turkey, the situation is worse because the Turkish administration has denied the existence of the Kurdish nation. Thus, these states have been trying to force Kurds out of Kurdish lands because they cannot put up with the truth that the states themselves are occupying Kurdish lands. The other unknown oppressio n comes in form of a place called Kurdistan. Kurdistan is that part of the country between Turkey, Syria, Iran and Iraq that does not have a border[8]. According to these countries, it is that mountainous region with basic natural features such as canyons. It remains unclear whether Kurdistan will revive as was the case with Poland (after two world wars)[9]. This is a fact that has been enhanced by the enactment of policies in the host countries to make the Kurds feel at home. Although the American and the British governments have been trying to protect the Kurds from such oppression, this has only been limited to human rights issues[10]. This is because military force is out of question since the action could be an infringement of the sovereignty of the states. Future Prospects of the Kurds It has become more and more difficult for the Kurds to gain complete self governance. The project has been rendered almost not feasible. Following the consequences of its effects, the Kurds woul d rather seek to improve and strengthen their position in relation to their autonomy within their regions. The restrictions from the international community especially, the European Union have worsened the situation. Worse still, the Kurds are found in other independent states like Turkey which appear to obliterate any attempts by their leaders that are geared at pushing for their autonomy[11]. However, they have been receiving support from human right activists and European Union programs that promote reforms. These programs have been pushing for the awarding of citizenship to Kurds who reside in Syria and Iran. However, the program is being slowed by the fragility of the European Union and the internal problems within the Syrian administration. The problem is also worsened by the issue of the United States troops in Iraq. The instability and murders on the Iraqi soil seem to put the future direction of Iraqi’s perspective on the Kurds quite uncertain. It is extremely hard f or there to be a peaceful multicultural administrative and political coexistence in the recently formed Iraqi government while at the same time recalling the unforgettable truths of the mass graves of the minority Kurds. It will also be difficult to oversee the raising Shia attempts, coupled with the strongly rebellious Iraqi accommodate this multicultural approach. However, should this phenomenon become feasible, it would offer a good example for Turkey, Iran and Syria to internalize this idea within their systems. By doing this, the Kurds in these countries will be saved. The Fight for Self Governance by the Kurds The Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) is currently ruling the northern regions of Iraq occupied by the Kurds. The KRG is however not completely autonomous because it depends on financial support from Baghdad. The KRG controls the three provinces dominated by the Kurds namely, Dahuk, Irbil and Sulaymaniya[12]. This government however has a share of its own troubles. There have been some cases of corruption and poor governance within the KRG. This government does not have its own resources. It has thus been forced to depend entirely on Baghdad’s economy for its survival. The KGR has a large measure of autonomy in these three regions. It is responsible for the primary legislative, budgetary and administrative authority. It is worth noting that the Kurdish Regional Government is still drafting a constitution even as we speak. The constitution will be tabled in the regional parliament for amendments and approval. The regional parliament is the supreme authority of the KRG. It has been in operation since the year 1992 when Saddam’s forces were largely forced out of the Kurdish region. The Kurdish Regional Government still has a weak parliament that is however, gradually growing stronger by and by. Its strength has been exemplified when in 2007, for the first time, the parliament summoned some cabinet ministers for questioning on many occasi ons. In early 2008, the parliament received a detailed current government budget with just enough lead time to allow some real debate. This was also the first time such an instance ever happened since the formation of the KRG[13]. It should also be noted that the parliament and the executive perform their functions under a form of joint management by the two top traditional Iraqi Kurdish political parties. These parties are the KDP, led by the president of KRG, and the PUK, led by the Iraqi president. Conclusion Kurds are people who originated from Indian and European races. They reside in the hilly regions of the borders between Iraq, Turkey, and Iran. This region where the Kurds live is referred to as Kurdistan. They have a different culture from their neighboring people in Iraq and other neighboring countries. From the time the modern state of Iraq was created, the Kurd’s history has been punctuated with instances of underdevelopment, political turmoil and cultural repress ion, destruction, revolutionary revolts and ethnic cleansing. Assassinations were also common during this period. Saddam’s methods of eliminating Kurd’s resistance included gassing. Up to the year of his death, there were still many widespread imprisonments. The future of the Kurds seems to be oblique in relation to their fight for their autonomy. Kurds would rather seek to improve and strengthen their position in relation to their autonomy within their regions due to internal and external factors. Internal factors include instances of corruption and other malpractices in public offices. External factors include foreign government policies that are against the formation of an autonomous Kurdish state. Bibliography Cagaptay, Soner. The Future of the Iraqi Kurds. The Washington Institute Of Near East Policy. Policy focus#85. July 2008. Carkoglu, Ali. Turkey’s November 2002 Elections: A New Beginning. Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol, 6 No. 4 â€⠀œ December 2002 Gasper, Phil. â€Å"The Betrayal of the Kurds.† Third World Traveler, April 2003,  thirdworldtraveler.com/Global_Secrets_Lies/Betrayal_Kurds.html . Izardy, Mehrdad. A Concise Handbook: The Kurds. Washington D.C: Taylor Francis, Inc, 1992. Katzman, Kenneth. The Kurds in Post-Saddam Iraq. Congressional Research Service. CRS Report for Congress. October 1, 2010. McDowall, David. A Modern History of the Kurds, 3rd Edition. London: I.B. Tauris Co Ltd, 2007. Natalie, Denis. The Kurds and the State: Evolving National Identity in Iraq, Turkey, And Iran. Ed.1. New York: Syracuse University Press, 2005. O’Leary, Brendah, McGarry, John Salih, Khaled. The Future of Kurdistan in Iraq. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005. Students institute for international global affairs. Kurds: the history of oppression and future prospects. Articles and Interviews, March 15, 2009. Footnotes Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol, 6 No. 4 – December 2002. McDowall, David. P. 1 Katzman, Kenneth. P 5 The multi ethnic democracy allowed the Kurds full rights and redresses the perceived abuses of the Saddam era. This rift widened so much that one of the Kurd,s leaders would be seen on a local television program accusing Maliki of trying to monopolize power. These are the Kurds militia Gasper, Phil Izady, Mehrdad, p. 3 O’Leary, Brendah, McGarry, John Salih, Khaled. p. 7 Natalie, Denis, p. 175 Students institute for international global affairs. Cagaptay, Soner, p 2 Cagaptay, Soner, p. 4