School Does Not Prepare You for Life

It is argued that school is designed to teach individuals how to teach themselves, but many scholars who study the state of academia would argue this is not the case. It is a common belief that the western private schools and universities are industrialized markets more focused on their profit margins, and pleasing parents, than preparing their students for the real world. The public school system is even worse off in that their infrastructure and supplies are largely dependent on the average income tax of their local communities, which in most urban areas barely makes the grade. Not often considered to be a home for organizations, the schooling industry in the United Kingdom has become a major source of profitable income. A national curriculum is mandatory in all state schools in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and for virtually every student up to the age of 16. It is organized by the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) and its partner authorities, the Qualifications, Curriculum and Assessment Authority for Wales and the Northern Ireland Council for Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment (CCEA) (HayGroup, 2006). The main aim of the national curriculum is to raise standards, making sure all children have a broad and balanced education up to the age of 16. In the past, many students dropped important subjects like modern language or science at 13 or 14 (Boone, 2006). If these mergers become successful, no different from major corporations, they mean expanded profit margins for whoever holds the asset. These schools are already considered financial assets, through the increase in property value around them, whether the property is owned by the government or privately owned (Boone, 2006). This is not a major issue for public schools, but when you consider privately owned schools, or Universities, the profitability of these corporations pedaling degrees must be realized. More often than not, these Universities are considered to be doing a common good, and therefore held in the charitable status tax bracket, where they are to very minimally taxed. This leads to more profit gains, and less reason to complicate the curriculum even if it fails to serve its purpose. In her essay, From Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work Jean Anyon identifies the hypocrisies in the education system. One of her major points is that in the higher income classrooms the majority of the students’ parents are executives, and only 10% are minorities. A common finding in her research is that the working class schools lack the necessary materials, or faculty, to be considered equal with the other school systems. Anyon also argues that the curriculums are different. students in different social-class backgrounds are rewarded for classroom behaviors that correspond to personality traits allegedly rewarded in the different occupational strata – the working classes for docility and obedience, the managerial classes for initiative and personal assertiveness. (Anyon, 1980) The defining line of the difference between what Anyon considers to be the executive curriculum and the working class is that the use of efficient learning methods verses inefficient forms. Historically, the most efficient form of learning used in the west, more so than textbooks, is the field trip; this is also known as project based learning (B. I. E. , 2002). It is also a very expensive learning tool, which is why most lower class curriculums are deprived of it. Project based learning has a long lived tradition of learning through the use of field trips, labs, investigations and other projects. It is considered to be a substantial method of teaching. The belief that drives this form of instructions revolves around the idea that students will be more liable to gain interest in curriculum that they can connect to their surroundings. Just studying the work in a text can grow to be mundane. When she analyzes elementary and secondary classroom curriculums, she finds a methodology very different from what is inherent in Project based education. Anyon discovers that the majority of contemporary textbook instruction is designed for the working class. PBL programs are usually not supported in public schools because they are too expensive. This difference is usually applicable to public schools and whether one is located near high income housing or low income housing. In sum, the school system in the U. K. suffers from capitalist interests, so much so that it fails to prepare its students for the real world. A lack of project based learning in lower income schools deprives the majority of the U. K. population of having real life instruction. Likewise, the upper class institutions that Anyon refers to, while they prepare students for executive positions, they handicap the students from ever being able to handle manual labor in the real world (Anyon, 1980). The end result is a generation of students that are socioeconomically segregated and that lack the necessary resourcefulness to survive on their own. School systems today produce students who are reliant on major corporations to employ them for skills they were predisposed to having.

Recording, analysing and using HR information Essay

1. Why does the organization need to collect HR data? The organization needs to collect HR Data in order to comply with regulatory legislative requirements such as, working time directive, health and safety and pay rates etc. It is also a legal requirement to provide written particulars of employment. By collecting these examples of HR data, this protects the organization from possible legal implications. The organization also needs to collect training and productivity records of employees in order for management to assess performance and productivity of staff. By collecting this data the organization can assign training to employees in order for them to enhance their potential and help the workforce to become more productive. 2. Types of Data Collected The organization must collect data such as a sickness record. This allows HR to make an accurate attendance record of all employees and helps to identify employees who have higher levels of sickness. This data can then be used in order to discourage this behavior or used for those who suffer with long term sickness who need the organisation’s support. For our organization the Bradford Factor sickness policy was brought in so that the sickness records were to be collected periodically and assessed. Another type of data collected is personal information of each employee such as contact details. This ensures that all correspondence can be sent to each employee in regards to pay, contracts or leave information. It is important to have this information as well as details of next of kin or a family member in case of an accident at work so that the organization can contact them as soon as possible. 3. Storing records and the benefits One method of storing information is the manual system. This could include a filing cabinet, wall planners, Company handbooks, Diaries, Application forms etc. By using the manual system the records are easily accessible. The records may also be signed which may be required for legal purposes. The manual system has no risk of crashing or losing power, unlike a computer, which may delay the retrieval of important information. Another method of storing information is the computerized method. This method allows records to be saved on the computer and protected by a password ensuring that only certain people within the organization are able to retrieve the personal records. There is no risk of information being misplaced, misfiled or lost entirely as you might find with the manual storing system. Another advantage of using the computerized method is the fact that it is easy to find the information and is easily stored. This method allows a smaller office to run smoothly without the need for large filing cabinets and is also a more environmentally friendly method of storing information. 4. Two essential items of UK legislation relating to the recording, storage and accessibility of HR data The first essential item of UK Legislation is the Data Protection Act 1998. This act states that the recording of personal data should be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose or purposes for which they are processed. Personal data processed for any purpose or purposes shall not be kept for longer than is necessary for that purpose or those purposes. In relation to storage of personal data, appropriate technical and organisational measures shall be taken against unauthorised or unlawful processing of personal data and against accidental loss or destruction of, or damage to, personal data. Also, in regards to accessibility of personal data personal data shall not be transferred to a country or territory outside the European Economic Area unless that country or territory ensures an adequate level of protection for the rights and freedoms of data subjects in relation to the processing of personal data. It is also important for members of the HR Department to si gn a confidentiality agreement. This is a legal precaution for the organisation in case a member of the HR department leaked any personal data to others without jurisdiction. Another essential item of UK Legislation is the Freedom of information Act 2000. The FOI gives you the right to ask the HR department (or any public body) for all the information you have on any subject they choose. Unless there’s a good reason, the organisation must provide the information within 20 working days. You can also ask for all the personal information they hold on you. Conclusion Following the summary of facts as stated above, it has been found that it is very important to record, analyse and use HR data in order for the organization to operate within the appropriate legislative regulations, retain confidential information in a safe and efficient method and to use HR data in order to improve and increase productivity within the workforce.

Differences Between the Federalists and Jeffersonians

During the early formative years of our nation, George Washington and John Adams both opposed any development towards splitting politics into two divisions. The two early leaders thought of it to be very unconstitutional, stating that Americans need to set aside their differences and remain unified. However, the rapidly growing interests of north and south, rich and poor, and industry and agriculture were all tossed around until two major political groups were finally formed.The Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton, who preferred urban life and supported northern efforts, envisioned that the new country’s federal government should have more power, and wanted it to be a replica of the British system. In addition, Hamilton strived towards the creation of national banks that would establish fiscal policy, use debt to establish credit, and regulate a national currency. However, opposing viewers feared that a stronger federal government would do nothing but wipe out the newl y born democracy.The opposing competitors such as the Jeffersonians led by Thomas Jefferson, who preferred rural life and spoke for southern efforts, believed that it would be more necessary to provide the majority of the power with the individual states. The Jeffersonians also believed that the creation of national banks was unconstitutional, and that it wasn’t permitted by our early forefathers. As differences continued to occur, Americans only saw the gap between the two political parties widening more and more.When it came to foreign policy, Jefferson and Hamilton both encouraged America to remain neutral and to not take sides. They wanted the country to build relationships with other nations, but also to stay clear of any international conflict. However, Jefferson thought that America should be helping the French efforts against the British, while Hamilton thought that war efforts should be targeted at helping their mother country of England defeat the French.As time wen t on, the differences between both parties only grew on and on. While Jefferson seized agriculture to be the backbone of the nation, Hamilton wanted the economy to be equally balanced between agriculture, trade, finance, and manufacturing. All in all, both men were very well educated. Even though they shared completely different political views, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton both made enormous contributions in shaping the new nation, and expected nothing less than a wonderful future for the United States.

Investigation of Beethoven's Symphony #9 Forth Movement - Ode of Article

Investigation of Beethoven's Symphony #9 Forth Movement - Ode of Joy - Article Example Further, the context of the fast paced increasing and increasing (Smalin 1). The music technique using several orchestra instruments, solo singers, and choir singing lively happy joy -generating song will better enhancement adherence to joyful living than listening to a guitar player playing in a lone street corner. The Ode_of Joy’s A major melody delivers vivid music meaning. The music affirms my belief that music helps alleviate the issues and problems of this world. Listening to the music of the Ode_of Joy music, people like me will accept the music’s concept that joyful living should be the priority of everyone. The Ode song Beethoven can become an emotional experience for the Ode listener. Beethoven’s Ode is grounded on the popular joy- emphasizing poem of German poet Friedirch_Schiller (Walton 314). Furthermore, the Ode Song’s happy and lively increasing and decreasing musical notes inspire the listeners to resolve all issues in a joyful manner. The Beethoven orchestra’s use of different wind instruments (including harmonica, trombone, and flute instruments) inspires the audience to enthusiastically leave the musical hall in a happy mood. Entering the theatre in a sad mood, the lively rise and fall of constantly changing rhythm and melody will transform the sad theatre listener to leave the theatre in a happy mood, eager to effectively resolve current issues and problems joyfully. The Beethoven orchestra’s Ode_of Joy’s use of string & wind instruments, and choir singers promotes happiness among the sad theatre listeners (Walton 314). Moreover, the Ode music form is orchestra based. The orchestra has several musical instruments. Notable instruments include the violin, piano, flute, and string –based instruments. In the case of the Ode of Joy, a choir and a solo singer contribute to the musical instruments’ playing the Ode song. As the song is played, the Ode orchestra musicians’ sounds are consonance, some

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 25

Art - Essay Example The latter is evident in the Dago sculpture showing a seated couple in a way to depict unity and posture the fabric of African family structure. In addition, African art brings out the essence of its people’s consciousness of spiritual powers and their essence in the central life of its people. One of the works relaying this aspect encompasses minkisi (for ritualistic purpose), which emanates from Central Africa. Minkisi are mainly ritualistic containers used then to invoke spiritual mediation known to influence human existence. Another ritualistic art is the nowo though its representation is more of an invisible agent in the society thus emphasizing the African notion of believe in spirits. This is similar to Nigerian ijele Mask commonly used in funerals whereby its core role encompassed invoking the deceased person’s spirit such that his or her state easily can transition to that of the neither world nature. This is spiritual agency, which constitutes the African art though expressed or depicted in varied forms like sculpture, consumes, masks, music or through

Type 1 diabetes, Hypertension Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Type 1 diabetes, Hypertension - Essay Example The monitoring of the patient’s blood glucose levels is an important nursing intervention at this point. In order to ensure speedy and efficient monitoring, the finger sticks can be used. Such monitoring must be performed on an hourly basis and after three consecutive hours of normal blood glucose levels, the monitoring may be shifted to every 2 hours (Peno-Green, n.d). However, when the levels once again fall to abnormal digits, the monitoring must be returned to once every hour (Peno-Green, n.d). In instances when the blood glucose levels exceed normal numbers anytime during the monitoring, insulin must be administered to the patient. Monitoring of blood glucose levels is important because it can assist the health practitioners in detecting sudden and asymptomatic decrease in blood sugar; it can also help guide the practitioners in the implementation of interventions and plan of care for the patient (Harrison, 2001). Since the patient’s blood glucose levels were restored to normal levels after simple carbohydrate intake, there is no need to administer dextrose infusions of glucose. Such intervention would have been necessary if the patient had severe hypoglycaemia and did not respond to oral glucose intake (Goldstein, 2009). Nevertheless, if (during the monitoring) the blood glucose levels would drop and would not respond to current medications, dextrose infusions of glucose can still be carried out. In the process of monitoring, the nurse must also be watchful for signs of sweating, irritability, tachycardia, confusion, dizziness, pallor, and stupor (Williams & Wilkins, 2005). Such signs can signal a hypoglycaemic crisis which may need further consult or referral to the medical practitioner. Since it is important to try to maintain the patient’s blood sugar levels – and to avoid another hypoglycaemic state, I need to constantly monitor the patient for signs of hypoglycaemia. These signs include pale moist skin, drowsiness, and the

Film Critique-Bioethical Imperatives Scholarship Essay

Film Critique-Bioethical Imperatives - Scholarship Essay Example With this concern, the essay examines the bioethical issues highlighted in the plots of these two movies by comparing and contrasting them, at the backdrop of the present relevant theories. Correspondingly, four ethical frameworks, including ‘justice’, ‘rights’, ‘duty’ and ‘virtue-based ethics’ will be addressed in this essay while comparing the above two films. The movies â€Å"And the Band Played On† as well as â€Å"The Rain Maker†, both addressed certain bioethical issues that emerged in the early 20th century based on the then conducted medical research. However, the former was a drama based on the suffering of the people and their lack of consciousness, giving an indication of the gaps persisting in the conservative society, while the later complied with the dimensions of all mystery, suspense and drama. â€Å"The Rain Maker† movie elaborated on a financial crisis faced by a boy suffering from leukemia, who could have been saved if only the insurance company was on agreeable terms to pay for the bone-marrow transplant (Cohen, n.d.). Subsequently, the plot for â€Å"And the Band Played On† was majorly focused on the ethical issues surrounding the rapidly increasing rate of HIV infection in early 1980s, indicating the influence of political factors on such issues (Noonan, 2008). The bioethics reflected in the latter revolves around the dimensions of medical ethics and its loopholes under the impression of strong socio-political judgments (Sass, 2007). Depending on the bioethical imperatives, four ethical frameworks have been considered to compare and contrast the plots in the two selected movies. The justice-based approach implies that people should be treated according to their respective hard work. However, the present world reflects a huge imbalance arising from uneven social power or financial power delegations (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, 2014). For instance, â€Å"The Rain Maker† focused on the inequality

Linguistic interdependence and the educational development of Research Paper

Linguistic interdependence and the educational development of bilingual children - Research Paper Example The assignment will propose a theoretical framework which assigns a central role to the interaction or the interdependence between the factors in explaining the academic as well as cognitive development of bilingual children. The paucity of meaningful data on the effectiveness of bilingual children can be attributed to the case that evaluations have ignored the correlations between the factors. The findings of the previous attempts stated bilingual children performed below expectations on the verbal parts of tests on intelligence and on the academic tasks and the researches and the investigators stated mental confusion and language handicaps to be the behind factors. The â€Å"balance effect† hypothesis in this genre proposed that a bilingual child paid for the L2 skills by a fall in L1 skills (Cummins, 1979). A mismatch between the language at home and the language at schools leads in retardation in the field of academics. The UNESCO exemplified the hypothesis stating that a child can be best taught in his mother tongue. Some researchers argued that instructions proposed through a medium of weaker language will lead to retardation in the subject matter taught. The researchers studied the inadequacy of both linguistic mismatch hypothesis as well as the hypothesis that bilingualism to be the source of academic and cognitive retardation. The researchers opined that bi lingualism can influence in positive fashion to cognitive and linguistic development. The fine documented achievement of immersion programs for the linguistic programs is far from being inconsistent without the simplistic notion that mismatch in linguistics can cause academic retardation. It is not surprising that educators re-examined the assumptions behind the underlying bilingual education and have emphasized the socio cultural as well as the school program variables rather than the factors on linguistics. The recent reviews on the perspectives of linguistics

Research Proposal (Measure the relation between motivation and Essay

Research Proposal (Measure the relation between motivation and effective performance management) - Essay Example Performance management, in the same context, is a human relations approach to organisational goal-setting which distributes company strategy and identifies employee productivity factors leading to employee discipline or reward. There are, conceptually, five standard steps used in the performance management process that include communicating clear organisational goals, applying managerial practices that encourage employee performance, identifying actual performance levels, producing positive or negative outcomes to employee performance, and evaluating whether organisational goals can be met through the current level of employee productivity. It is proposed that a successful performance manager be aware of the circumstances that affect employee motivation from a psychological standpoint and apply a rather clinical methodology in distribution of productivity feedback for the employee targeted for increased motivation. Essentially, an organisation cannot meet its strategic goals without the assistance of employee talents, therefore, a performance managers role in satisfying employees needs directly impacts company outputs. How does a performance manager, then, handle the role of satisfying employee needs without sacrificing organisational objectives? This study of performance management versus impact on employee motivation will first examine the psychological aspect of human nature by observing Abraham Maslows recognised Hierarchy of Needs. According to Maslow, each individual possesses five main principles that affect intrapersonal satisfaction. He proposes physiological needs (basic elements of survival) as a first step toward fulfilment. Following forward in motivation is the need for safety and security, moving next to love and belonging, then creating a positive self-image, and finally reaching a level of self-actualisation in which the person develops complete satisfaction with overall existence. Maslow

Labor and Birth Case Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Labor and Birth Case Review - Essay Example The process included conducting a pelvic exam in order to determine how the patient was progressing (Stevens, 2004). Notably, the active stage was faster than the latent phase with the patient experiencing contractions in every two minutes. However, the contractions were more painful. The transition to second stage began when the cervix dilated to about 8 – 9 cm. Second stage By the time the second stage started, the baby’s head had appeared at the top of the cervix. It is worth noting that the mother was advised on when to push. Notably, uterine contractions were also getting stronger (Tharp, 2000). With assistance from abdominal muscles contraction together with mother’s pushing, the baby passed through the birth canal. It was noted that active pushing played a significant role during the stage. More importantly, an epidural anesthetic was administered in order to make the mother to manage the abdominal muscles better. Consequently, crowning occurred as the inf ant filled the lower vagina. After the head was out, then the shoulders followed, and the baby’s mouth and nose was suctioned in order to ease the baby’s first breath. Third stage During the final stage of labor, the continuing uterine contractions push the placenta out of vagina. ... This called for use of a stethoscope known as fetoscope. Consequently, after child birth, the patient was given some pain relief. This involved an epidural being placed in the patient while she lay on her side. Then her back was scrubbed with antiseptic, while the local anesthetic was injected in the skin. The anesthesia provided complete pain relief. Natural birth preparation The patient together with the family selected Lemaze method for preparing for childbirth. The method entails practice of breathing exercises together with concentration at a focal point (Tharp, 2000). This was done to assist the patient to control her pain while at the same time being conscious. In addition, the method made the flow of oxygen possible in the baby as well as to the muscles. I coached the mother during the birthing process. Conclusion The birth process was successful as expected. The mother did not experience any complications although the baby was noted to have heart murmurs. All in all, all the procedure that are involved in the birth process were a success. References Korte, D. (1992).  A good birth, a safe birth. Harvard: Harvard Common Press.   Stevens, L. R. (2004). "Gimme a C: Is Choosing a Cesarean Section for a Nonmedical Reason Wise?"  Fit Pregnancy  April-May: 40-42. Tharp, A. J. (2000).  This giving birth: pregnancy and childbirth in American women's writing. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press.   Evidence based care Evidence based care refers to an evidence based solution that addresses a clinical dilemma and calls for defining the problem, in addition to conducting an efficient search in order to obtain the best evidence (Walsh, 2007). This is then followed by appraisal of the evidence, which is then

Bachelor of Arts Essay Example for Free

Bachelor of Arts Essay 1.1 FedEx Corporation Overview FedEx Corporation provides customers and businesses worldwide with a broad portfolio of transportation, e-commerce and business services. With annual revenue of US$ 27 billion, the company offers integrated business application through operating companies competing collectively and managed collaboratively, under the respected FedEx brand. Consistently ranked among the worlds most admired and trusted employers, FedEx inspires its more than 250,000 employees and contractors to remain absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and communities. 1.2 Strategic Initiatives Currently, with its exposure to volatile fuel prices, high capital expenditures, and thin margins, FedEx can not stand up to the rigorous rule maker quantitative criteria, but its brand power is a perfect example of a sustainable competitive advantage. FedEx ships over 3 million packages a day. Along the route, those packages, the planes that carry them, the trucks that deliver them, and the people that handle them leave impressions on customers. FedEx recognizes that with every box it delivers and every person that delivers it, a brand impression is made. Brand equity is certainly significant to FedEx since its products and services are less differentiated in this fast changing dynamic competitive market. To remake the corporate image in order to extend and enhance its brand equity is one of the key strategic initiatives that has initiated by the management of FedEx Corporation recently. Other strategic initiatives are to focus on the growth of core package business and supply chain capabilities, and growth through e-commerce and technology, and new services and alliances. 2. DESIGN OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 2.1 HRMS of FedEx FedEx Human Resources develop policies, programs and procedures that not only attract, but also retain the most qualified, talented and diverse employees. To this end, Human Resources have implemented successful recruitment, development and Employee relation programs. The Corporate HR function consists of 45 employees who provide human resources support for the entire FedEx Organization. The overall headcount for this team has not changed in over four years even though the employee base has grown by greater than 30%. Most key programs are linked to the companys diversity strategy to build value and manage a diverse workforce that reflects the rich mix of persons available in the Communities. The HR team regularly attends diversity recruiting career fairs and supports both local and national organizations committed to the development of women and minorities. HR has sought to automate and introduce electronic processes, in order to streamline its various staff function. These include the introduction of an electronic company wide web based Internal Career Opportunities Program (ICOP), that provides employees anytime/anywhere access to available opportunities within the company. Employees can search, apply and be notified of open positions within the organization by logging on to the site. Managers, can also initiate the employment process and receive approval electronically via an on-line employment requisitioning process. The major obstacle that needed to be addressed in the alignment of these two major programs was accessibility, communication and education. Employees were encouraged to submit their personal profiles so that they could receive automatic notifications from the system when positions for which they qualified became available. FedEx has developed a proactive staffing model for its facilities. This program allows the Field organization to add management staffing before the need exists. Recruiting, sourcing and training are done 20 weeks before the individual is expected to begin their career as a service manager. By accessing the HR website, both employees and Managers can obtain a wide variety of information geared to keep their employment information current, provide easy access to employment information (employee handbook) as well as provide access to benefits information and employee centered programs. Online access to the HR Web is available from home and work to all employees. 2.2 VRIO Framework Analysis Value FedEx managers stress that they are a people-first organization. The corporate philosophy statement sums up their view of the source of competitive advantage: People-Service-Profit. FedEx discovered a long time ago that customer satisfaction really begins with employee satisfaction. In other words, the FedEx philosophy is that people are the primary link in the value chain, and thus, value is created by focusing on employees first. Rareness FedEx value and capitalize on the differences of their employees with diversity education programs such as Gender Speak, Delivering Diversity, Introducing Diversity, and Valuing Differences. One of its most successful programs RESPECT provides a process where employees can work together to resolve their differences. Therefore, it would exercise tremendous potential to exploit the rare characteristics of its employees for competitive advantage. Imitability FedEx worked closely with the University of Memphis, established the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private collaboration designed to advance world-class interdisciplinary research and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce. The company has more than 219,000 employees globally and expects the alliance will help develop a highly skilled recruitment pool. Organization FedEx is committed to fostering an employee focused culture. It has a well-developed and thoroughly deployed management evaluation system, which involves a survey of employees, analysis of each work groups results by the work groups manager, and a discussion between the manager and the work group to develop written action plans for the manager to improve and become more effective. Data processed are aggregated at all levels of the organization for use in policymaking. Employees are free to share their opinions with management and in turn, work towards the resolution of internal issues within their department by participating on their action planning teams. 3. EMPLOYEE SKILL, MOTIVATION, JOB DESIGN WORK STRUCTURES FedEx has a clear goal to have people who are committed, motivated and well trained. Here are some of the tools and techniques that they have developed: 3.1 Selection FedEx Corp is proactive targeting of candidate sources leads to a richer pool of applicants and enables company to reach better candidates faster. They worked closely with the University of Memphis, established the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private collaboration designed to advance world-class interdisciplinary research and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce. FedEx had created a multi-national, multi-lingual recruitment assessment system in identifying candidates most suited to the jobs on offer and capable of operating to the companys global standards and values. 3.2 FedEx Compensation Rewarding System FedExs bonus program is driven by goal sharing. This program encourages employees to achieve strategic goals by basing individual bonus levels on corporate and business unit goals, up to 10% of an employees total compensation. FedExs formula for calculating bonuses includes corporate variables such as contributed operating margin, corporate ROE, net sales, customer returns, shipped kilometers and total unit cost. Putting people first means that FedEx is dynamic in both reward and recognition. For hourly paid staff the pay is geared to individual performance. However, to encourage good team working, there is also a team based Best Practice Pays element. The pay for performance of salaried staff is based upon measures relating to the companys key philosophy. 3.3 Performance Reviews FedEx is a very performance-based company. Every person knows upfront what his performance objectives are and he also knows upfront what he can earn. So the crux of People Service People is a fairly laborious performance management and compensation system. If a person fails in his performance, then the person does not get disciplined, but he gets pulled into a constructive action plan. Employees are encouraged to identify their weaknesses through a personal development programme (PDP). These could be general things like communication skills or dealing with conflicts in the workplace. FedEx has an online training library with 600 courses on things like leadership, project management skills, even something as basic as presentation skills. Employees can log in and take any course, but need to pass. 3.4 Staff Survey The annual staff survey is considered to be one of FedExs biggest business improvement tools. A total of 32 questions are answered electronically in business time over a period of two weeks and participation has increased from 97% to 98%. 4. PRODUCTIVITY, CREATIVITY DISCRETIONARY EFFORT By competing collectively under the FedEx banner, FedEx in service companies benefit from one of the worlds most documented brands. FedEx is one of the most trusted and a respected brand in the world and its brand name is a powerful sales and marketing tool. Among the many reputation awards FedEx conventional during 2004, FedEx ranked seventh in corporate reputation on The Wall Street Journals Harris Interactive/Reputation Institute RQ Gold Survey, and for the third consecutive year, FedEx ranked in the top ten of FORTUNE magazines Americas Most Admired Companies and Worlds Most Admired Companies lists. FedEx is the only transportation company and one of the very few companies overall to rank this highly in all three reputation surveys. FedEx ranked highest in customer satisfaction in the University of Michigan Business School National Quality Research Centers American Customer Satisfaction Index in the parcel delivery category. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the worlds largest retailer, also selected FedEx as the recipient of its Carrier of the Year award. BusinessWeek recognized FedEx Kinkos in the magazines Web Smart 50 report for the companys innovative use of Internet technology to transform business processes and reduce costs. FedEx is well recognized as a leader, not only in the transportation industry and technological innovation, but also in social and environmental responsibility and corporate governance. Along with a strong reputation among customers and the general public, FedEx is widely acknowledged as a great place to work. In 2004, FedEx was listed among FORTUNEs 100 Best Companies to Work for in America, a list that FedEx have made every year it has been published. It is FedEx people-FedEx greatest asset-that give FedEx it strong reputation. In addition to superior physical and information networks, FedEx has an exemplary human network, with more than 240,000 employees and contractors who are absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and communities. Through FedEx internal Purple Promise and Humanitarian Award programs, FedEx recognize and reward employees who enhance customer service and promote human welfare. 5. IMPROVED OPERATING PERFORMANCE As discussed previously, new strategic role for HRM is very significant for the organizations advancement. System thinking among the line and HR manger is the first step. The performance management and incentive compensation system must define desire employee behavior and reward those behaviors in meaningful way when goals are achieved. Almost 50% of all FedEx spending goes to employee pay and benefits. Many Special Awards to recognize employees performance: i) Bravo Zulu award for outstanding performance beyond normal job expectations. ii) Golden Falcon award for exceptional customer service. iii) Humanitarian Award recognition for human welfare above and beyond work or community standards. iv) Star/Superstar Award a lump sum merit based award for top performers. v) Five Star Awards the highest award for enhancing service, profitability and the spirit of teamwork. Deadly combination and powerful connection are terms to describe the effects of an organization policy of promotion from within on firm performance. But probably not be present in every firm or even most of firms. So the only way that the organization can hope to identify the HR system properly is to adopt system perspective, which means business priorities drive the development of the HRM system. 6. PROFITS AND GROWTH Base on the FedEx second quarters Fiscal 2005 financial report (six months ended November 2004), it shows that FedEx has adapted an effective and efficient HRM system, which has brought up the corporations profit and growth. This is evidential by the following financial analysis:- i) Revenue There is a 23% Revenue growth compare to the last 2nd quarter fiscal year 2004. The revenue has increased from US$11,607 billion to US$14,309 billions in this 2nd quarter fiscal year 2005. FedEx announced that they would expect to have Group Revenue of US$ 27 billions this fiscal year 2005, which is a 9.5% growth. ii) Salary Employee benefits Cost However, in term of Human Resources cost, we can see from the report that it is only an increase of 14%. Compare to 23% increase in revenue. The increase is justifiable. iii) Net Profit FedEx has shown a 212% increase in the Net Income this fiscal year compare with last 2nd quarter, from US$219 millions to US$684 millions, despite the roaring up of oil price, which is also one of the major operating cost, in this year. Their profit result is definitely considered outstanding. iv) Diluted Earning Per Share Obviously, with the high increase of the net income, the diluted earning per share is automatically increase by 210% compare to last 2nd quarter. It is definitely a kind of the positive effect of the HR- Stakeholders value relationship. v) Revenue generated per Employee Based on the US$27 billions Group Revenue generated by the total 250,000 number of employees in FedEx, we will be able to see that the revenue per employee generated is nearly US$108,000. Which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, who has an annual turnover of US$30 billions and 370,000 employees worldwide, and the revenue generated per employee is only US$81,081. The productivity is much better. This has shown the efficiency and effectiveness of the HRM system. 7. MARKET VALUE From the study of FedEx Corps HRM system, it is undoubtedly that its HRM has strategically adopted high performance work system that creates real shareholder value. Such system has strengthened FedEx HR to become a strategic core competency and have an economically significant effect on firm performance. This also generates the transformation from HRM to human capital management and hence becomes to be a competitive advantage. The consistent increased profits and growth as shown in the companys financial reports has also proved that FedEx HRM has created value and played an important role in the companys achievement and success. FedEx shareholder market value has increased continuously as shown clearly in its financial statements. However, companys HR market value has never been officially computed and shown in the financial statements. Based on the company productivity, FedExs each employee generates revenue of approximately US$108,000 quarterly, which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, whose per employee generates revenue of only about US$81,081 quarterly. 8. CONCLUSION For FedEx, timing is everything. Delivery on time is essential, and within FedEx, ensuring this performance every time, has meant the transition to systems that provide online, real-time connectivity, bringing improved business processes and increased productivity. With unrivalled logistics solutions, FedEx turned to its Human Resources function, to leverage its competitive advantage. In such a geographically diverse and disparate region, FedEx strives to manage its human capital by minimizing administrative burden and creating a culture of effective self-management. With employees spread across the Region, and in line with its organizations move to an Internet-centric company, FedEx was continuously looking for ways to empower its employees, and allow them to take control of some of their HR functions. Leveraging on PeopleSoft HRMS solution to effectively manage their human capital, it provided FedEx with the scalability and functionality they needed, to enable FedEx to move towards becoming a Real-Time Enterprise. FedEx employees were fully utilizing their self-service functions, and their HR staffs are now free to deliver a more strategic output to the business. They have increased the visibility of HR information to more effectively manage the enterprises most valuable resource human capital. APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Relevant Reference Sites: * www.fedex.com * www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/2003annualreport/ * www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/downloads/ * www.fool.com/portfolios/rulemaker/2001/rulemaker010502.htm * www.incomesdata.co.uk/studies/hrmansystems.htm * www.stevieawards.com/pubs/awards/70_1438_8395.cfm * www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb001/is_200309/ai_hibm1G1107999043 * healthproject.stanford.edu/koop/Federal%20Express/description.html * www.hoovers.com/fedex-corporation/ID__10552/free-co-factsheet.xhtml * online.wsj.com/ad/fedex/ * moneycentral.msn.com/investor/research/profile.asp?Symbol=fdx * www.humanresourcesmagazine.com.au/articles/19/0C029319.asp?Type=60Category=1162 * www.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2004/08/09/daily3.html * www.quality.nist.gov/FederalExpress_90.htm Evaluation of the Stakeholder Value Relationship Model Assignment BA361 Human Resource Management Page 2 of 12

TV Advertising Essay Example for Free

TV Advertising Essay Undoubtedly, nowadays such significant promotion medium as television is loosing its power and effectiveness. This is connected with a number of various reasons, including, first of all, a huge overload of TV ads on almost all national and local TV channels. Our TV movies and shows are being interrupted several times with long breaks for commercials, which can not reach their target audience, because the majority of viewers find TV advertisements annoying and simply switch their attention to something else. Therefore, the effectiveness of TV ads declines, because TV audience got bored of numerous commercials, which usually come in such moments, when viewers are not interested in that information or not ready to accept it. Another annoyance factor is overplaying of the same commercials, which can not attract attention and evoke any interest any more. Finally, modern electronic devices (like TiVo) allow elimination of commercials and, therefore, contribute in decreasing the efficiency of TV advertising. When comparing TV advertising with such promotional medium as magazines, we can come up with the following conclusions. The main advantages of magazine advertising are its being considerably less expensive, as well as the opportunity to offer repeated exposure. A magazine reader can see the same ads on several occasions, as well as attract a number of secondary readers. That is why we can say that a magazine advertisement lasts longer than a TV advertisement, though it doesn’t allow reaching that much wide target audience. Besides, although magazine advertising can not offer sound and advanced visual effects, it is still a very prestigious and effective promotional channel. Magazine advertising employs high-quality colored images and creative compositions, slogans, which can remain in memory for long time, as well as samples and testers (for some types of products). Finally, abundance of different ads on modern television makes watching commercials less controlled and more passive, while reading a magazine usually involves more mental engagement and higher attention of the reader. Bibliography:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consterdine, G. (n.d.). Magazine Advertising Effectiveness. PPMarketing. Retrieved April 15, 2007, from http://www.ppamarketing.net/public/downloads/MagAdEffect.pdf.. ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Templeton, B. (n.d.). The Future of TV Advertising. Bread Templeton’s Home Page. Clari Net Communication Corp. Retrieved April 15, 2007, from http://www.templetons.com/brad/tvfuture.html.

Management Theories for Managing Organisational Change

Management Theories for Managing Organisational Change What forms of managerial power are most useful in managing organizational change processes? An organizational change is a transformational process taking place in an organization due to mergers, re-designing or changes to the organizational management structure. Change could be strategic or institutional. (Journal 2010 Cited in Jansson, 2013). The process mostly involves altering the constitution, strategies, functioning methods, technologies and organizational culture to efficiently maintain the transformation within the organization. The main factors of causing organizational change could be economical, political or financial. The organizational transformation process could be a constant practice or it may take place only within specific period of time. Therefore, it is always important to have the most effective managerial power to manage organizational change process as if not managed by appropriate management power it could lead to many consequences such as job losses, employees suffering from stress, running the business in loss or else closure of the business. This e ssay will be addressing the forms of managerial powers that are most useful to manage organizational change effectively. The concepts of change agency and transformational leadership were established with the increase of basic corporate transformations in 1980s. However, even though the concept of change agent originated from Kurt Lewin (1890-1947), Kotter and other theorists supported their work by the fundamentals of Kurt Lewin from the 80s onwards. As its described by Bernard Burnes 2009, change agent should be a sensible individual who identifies, direct and manage feedback during implementation of organizational change. Organizational change needs to be effectively planned and managed to obtain the necessary preferred outcomes. In order to manage organizational change there is a need of a highly skilled managerial leader who could effectively manage the implementation. Leadership has been given many classifications. Generally, it is a mixture of behaviours and judgments taken to guide a group of people towards agreed goals and objectives. Yuki,G 1989 describes leadership has individuals traits where a behaviour of a leader includes interaction patterns, work based relationship with co-workers which influence towards organizational goals. Trait theory assumes that leaders are born with inherited leadership characteristics, where behaviour theory describes leadership could be learned, situational theory argues that leaders depends on the actions taken in a particular situation and transformational theory states that an individual with appropriate vision and passion could be a leader to achieve desired goals(Carroll et al., 2008) . As there is not any specific leadership theory that could define exactly how leadership could be described all leadership situations a recovery process that employees could be redirected to the required goals in an organiza tional change process with effective leadership within the organization. (Carroll et al., 2008) Transformational leaders are known as fascinating heroes and change champions as they have characteristics which is ideal for directing and controlling but inspiring and empowering other employees to strengthen change. Heifetz (1995) argued that leadership and authority should be differentiated as a lone warrior cannot take responsibility for all actions if he/she is unsuited to answer them. Landells and Albrecht 2017 explain that power and politics plays an important role in an organizations change process with regardless the size of the business. It involves governing how decisions are made to the ways employees interact with one another. Organizational politics were identified as a significant feature of change (French and Raveen 1959). Employees choose positive or negative power to influence others in the workplace. Politics may directly influence the person who has the power and determines whether the overall culture of the workplace needs to be changed to increase the productivity. Building a positive managerial vision includes facilitating the employees with clear communication and higher levels of performances. Managers will have higher authority and will take an important role planning and budgeting in an organizational change process. According to the Jalilvand and Nasrolahi 2015, Managerial power relates to a relationship which is socially exchanging with positive outcomes such as strong affective commitment within employees of an organization to work towards objectives and goals. When an employee obtained managerial powers, they feel more emotionally involved and committed to the organizations and have the authority to manage other employees. Kanter (1979) cited in LANDELLS and ALBRECHT, 2017 states that power assembles and get things done and the production of managerial power will be positive but argues when there is no power the system does not work. Most employees who are with managerial powers are usually high earners but managerial power theory could be argued as higher rewards are not always appropriate, not all employees on managerial powers are high performers. John French and Bertram carried out one of the most prominent studies on power (French and Raven, in 1959). The five types of powers which were identified initially were legitimate power which describes an official right to make demands and to expect respect from other assistant employees, Reward power which refers to an individuals ability to compensate another for accomplishment, Expert power which is based on a persons expertise skills and knowledge on a particular task. Referent power is an effect of a persons superficial of charisma, worthiness, and right to obtain respect from others. Coercive power is a type of power to psychological punish if the requirements are not met. Legitimate power is described as the power which has been owned by the gratitude of the managerial position held by an individual in the organization. The individual who is identified and recognized as the leader has superior rights and more responsibilities than other employees. Consequently, the leader has the authority to control and demand those employees who are lower in the managerial hierarchy as dependent and followers. (French and Raven, 1959). In an organizations power structure every leader has a higher authority to answer except in a situation that the individual occupies the highest position in an organizational pyramid. A leader who has legitimate power could take more responsibilities from their seniors and pass the current responsibilities to the employees who are lower than that position. Legitimate power could be found at all the levels of an organizational managerial hierarchy, failure of ensuring the boundaries could lead to the unlawful use of power. (Mohammed an d Leila, 2015) Coercive power is referred as psychological or material punishment (French and Raven, 1959). According to Kotter, it is known as the individuals ability to get others to do what is required and not required. As well this avoids being forced by others to do what the individual does not want to do (1979). Such influence can be explicit as both forms are subconscious in management but could be identified in different forms and consider coercive power as a double-edged sword (Pettigrew, 1956). While it cannot be functioned and non-empowering (Emmanuel Ogbonna, 2003), it may be used to improve ones reputation for change in the organization (Buchannan Badham, 1999). This type of power does not recognize the thoughts and feelings of other individuals or all the values of the organization unless it wants to control them to meet its own agenda. (R, K Smollan 2009). Expert power is described as specialist knowledge and expertise (French and Raven, 1959). This power could be defined as an individuals ability to solve specific tasks such as technical, plumbing etc. The employees who are particularly skilled carrying out different specialize tasks with their own knowledge would become leaders without acquiring a formal position. This type leadership will be very important when managing change in an organization as change can be unpredictable. According to Lewicki and Litterer (1985), employees lean towards knowledgeable and skilled managers with respect in order to learn new skills and enhance their current knowledge. Although in order to use expert power being able to access the required information is a must as access to the information could be forbidden, so there is less opportunity to use this power (Singh, 2009). Reward Power could be defined as the ability to influence other individuals behaviours by agreeing to provide benefits. (Lunenburg, 2012). The individuals who have the authority to provide these benefits are seen as those who are in power. (Harold E. Fuqua, n.d.). The rewards/ benefits that could be offered can be tangible or intangible such as Pay rise, Bonuses, Promotions Positive Feedback, Recognition, more responsibilities (Lunenburg, 2012). Disadvantages of reward power could lead employees engaging in unethical work or illegal behaviour and sometimes managers do not have the ability to reward without required approval of senior management. (Tools, 2016) Reward power can also be compared to the Coercive power and can be used as a combination to maintain legitimate power (Mossholder, 1998). Referent power is known as charisma (1959) which is the ability of an individual to convey a sense of personal acceptance or approval by others (Business Insider). Vivian Giang (2013) also suggests that this is the most valuable form of power as to manage employees ability to get a sense of personal acceptance and respect when working together is useful. French and Raven (1959) argue that referent power is not the best choice for a leader to be used alone as misuse of referent power could cause many other problems such as employees getting neglected, stressed and over worked but due to the respect towards the manager, individuals/ teams of employees would not be open to inform about the workload rather they will stress themselves. As stated if referent power is being used with an expert power it could lead to success. However, later on, informational power is often quoted as another form of managerial power (Raven, 2008). According to Ravens earlier studies (1965), its the ability of an individual to influence the change through the resource of information. It is important to know the appropriate information regarding a change in order to carry out the change process as if unable to obtain required information the change process will not be successful. Characteristics of informational power lie in having control over specific information in the process of managing organizational change that others need or want put the manager in a powerful position. Managers could put effort to influence co- employees by access and control of information this could be useful to restrict any information that need not to know by the subordinates and this may be used in both personal and positional classifications. Also it is among the most preferable power characteristics which lead to initialised to lasting changes in the targets beliefs, attitudes and values (Raven, 1965). However, even though there are other categorizations of powers available these are the fundamental powers most used commonly and mentioned powers to analyze and contrast managerial powers within the perspective of organizational transformation. In conclusion, as stated in the introduction the essay addressed the possible reasons for organizational change to take place by introducing change agent, leadership, and characteristics of the main forms of managerial powers within an organization by evaluating and analyzing each form of managerial power critically. As stated above access to the relevant information and the ability to change co-workers to re-shape according to the organizational change taking place is a key of an ideal change agent. It is complicated to choose and identify a most useful and recommended form of a managerial power, as all the described forms of managerial powers is combination of an appropriate managerial power. It is also the individuals responsibility to use the appropriate type of power for the most appropriate situation. Even though the distribution of leadership could benefit the organization in an organizational change the power should not be forced nor used authoritatively. Reference list Agarwal, M and Agrawal, G.C.Relationship of Middle Managers Power Styles with Their Participativeness at the Work place Source: Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 30, No. 3 (Jan., 1995), pp. 278-296 Published by Shri Ram Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources Stable. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27767365 [Accessed 27 January 2017] Bernard Burnes., 2009. Managing Change, Pearson Education, Pages: 633 Format: PDF Publisher: Pearson Education M.U.A., Published: Jul 9, 2009. eISBN-13: 9780273752387. Accessed on 16/03/2017. https://www-dawsonera-com.ezproxy.lib.bbk.ac.uk/abstract/9780273752387 Bradshaw, P. and Boonstra, J., 2004. Power Dynamics in Organizational Change. In: Boonstra, J.J, ed. Dynamics of Organizational Change and Learning [online]. John Wiley Sons Ltd, pp. 279-295. Business Insider, 2013. The 7 Types of Power That Shape The Workplace.[online] Available at http://www.businessinsider.com/the-7-types-of-power-that-shape-the-workplace-2013-7?IR=T [Accessed 5 February 2017] Caldwell, R. (2003) Models of change agency: A fourfold classification, British Journal of Management, 14(2), pp. 131-142. doi: 10.1111/1467-8551.00270. Carroll, B., Levy, L. and Richmond, D. (2008) Leadership as practice: Challenging the competency paradigm, Leadership, 4(4), pp. 363-379. doi: 10.1177/1742715008095186. Currie, G. and Lockett, A. (2007) A critique of transformational leadership: Moral, professional and contingent dimensions of leadership within public services organizations, Human Relations, 60(2), pp. 341-370. doi: 10.1177/0018726707075884. French, J.R.P., Raven, B.H. (1959). The basis of social power, in: Cartwright, D. (Eds), Studies in Social Power, University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research: Ann Arbor, MI, pp. 150-67. Hughes, M. (2010). Managing Change: A Critical Perspective. In: M. Hughes, Managing Change: A Critical Perspective. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, pp. 211 JALILVAND, M.R. and NASROLAHI VOSTA, L., 2015. Examining the relationship between managerial power and affective organizational commitment. Sport, Business and Management, 5(4), pp. 344-364. JANSSON, N., 2013. Organizational change as practice: a critical analysis. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 26(6), pp. 1003-1019. Kotter, J.P., 1979. Power in Management How to Understand, Acquire, and Use it [online] Available at: http://home.earthlink.net/~denmartin/pim.html [Accessed 11 February 2017] LANDELLS, E.M. and ALBRECHT, S.L., 2017. The Positives and Negatives of Organizational Politics: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 32(1), pp. 41-58. Lewicki, R.J., Litterer, J.A. 1985. Negotiation. Homewood, IL: Irwin, pp. 249-251 Mohammad, R.J. and Leila, N.V., 2015. Examining the relationship between managerial power and affective organizational commitment. Sport, Business and Management, 5(4), pp. 344-364. Lunenburg, F. C. (2012). Power and Leadership: An Influence Process. International Journal of Management, Business and Administration , pp.1-9. Ogbonna E. and Wilkinson B., (2003). The False Promise of Organizational Culture Change: A Case Study of Middle Managers in Grocery Retailing. In: Journal of Management Studies, 40(5). Pareek, U. 1994. Coercive and Persuasive Power Scale. In: Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 30(2), pp. 175-189. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27767352 [Accessed 27 January 2017] Raven, B.H., 2008. The Bases of Power and the Power/Interaction Model of Interpersonal Influence. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy,8(1), pp.1-22 Smollan, R.K. (2009). Organizational culture, organizational change and emotions: a qualitative study. Roy K Smollan, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand Janet G Sayers, Massey University, Albany, New Zealand. Published in 2009 in Journal of Change Management 9(4), pp. 435-457. Singh, A. (2009). Organizational Power in Perspective. Leadership and Management in Engineering, [online] 9(4), pp.165-176. Available at: http://ascelibrary.org/doi/full/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000018 [Accessed 7 February 2017] Yuki, G 1989, Managerial Leadership: A Review of Theory and Research, Journal Of Management, 15,2,p. 251, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 12 March 2017.

Private Versus Public Education Essay examples -- Personal Narrative S

Private Versus Public Education Many struggling parents wish they could send their children to private schools essentially from kindergarten through the twelfth grade. And so my question is: What is the real worth of a private education? According to a statement from the U.S. Department of Education posted by College Smart, private school students generally perform higher than their public school counterparts on standardized achievement tests. As a product of public elementary and high school education, I am currently seeing some of the struggles that public school students face after high school graduation when they enter college. I realize now that, behind the high tuition costs, private schools provide caring, challenges, and nurturing in an environment that is lacking in public schools. Families with resources inevitably send their children to private school. It’s what people in that social world do. Nevertheless, their reasons are not only because they can afford it, but also because the real wo rth of private education can be found in how those students more readily develop an awareness of academic excellence and high achievement. I have experienced all of the factors that constitute a free education. During my senior year at William L. Dickinson High School in Jersey City, New Jersey, I remember going to school for a half day, then going to work from 12:30 to 5 p.m. I would get home at six in the evening, Monday through Friday, and not have to do any homework; I loved the idea of having free time. Although I do not regret the corporate work experience, I see the consequences that leisure time brought into my life. Now that I am a college student, I am expected to be responsible for various assignments ... ...ter in life. The fact that I am a public school student does not blind me from seeing the reality of the bad habits that I developed through twelve years of two-hours maximum, and frequently no time, spent doing daily homework. I was not fortunate to attend a private school prior to Saint Peter’s College, and I am now suffering the consequences. Unlike public, private schools help promote good study habits that further a person’s chances of succeeding in college. According to College Smart, private school students are twice as likely as public school students to complete a bachelor’s or higher degree by their mid twenties (52 versus 26 percent). Therefore, the worth of attending a private school involves an education for the whole person within a values-based setting that begins with positive, committed habits that will carry over into the rest of one’s life.

Free Essay on John Steinbecks Cannery Row :: Cannery Row Essays

Cannery Row Cannery Row by John Steinbeck is a post World War I piece written with a mixture of humor and sadness about the lives of the residents of Cannery Row, a street in Monterey California. The story opens in a messy grocery store run by a Chinese man named Lee Chong. The one room store is described like so "while not a model of neatness, was a miracle of supply... clothes, food, both fresh and canned, liquor, tobacco, fishing equipment, machinery, boats, cordage, caps, pork chops, slippers, and a silk kimono" and last but certainly not least whiskey, could all be purchased. All of the whiskeys had names like "Old" Tennessee and were at least four months old. Our casts of characters have nicknamed the cheapest whiskey "Old Tennis Shoe". Lee Chong is a good man who has the respect of the town. He manages to be respected by the entire town, while most of the town was in his financial debt. Debt would rise for many people who shopped at Lee's, because he would trust co nsumers "until further trust would be ridiculous". From this beginning comes a cast of characters long and detailed, making the book and the street come alive. Turning to the next page was not a chore but a leap into another person's woes and prospers. We meet men like Horace Abbeville who's summarized tale is one that begins with debt, which Horace pays off with a shack he owned that housed fishmeal. After Lee Chong agreed to this arrangement, Mr. Abbeville sauntered up the long trails to this shack and shot him self in the head, leaving his wife and children sad and confused. Lee had not pressured Horace for payment he had only suspended Horace's credit. Lee felt badly about Horace's suicide and always watched out for Horace's family. Lee's new ownership of Horace's shack leads us to the introduction of Mack and the boys. Mack twists Lee's arm to allow them to stay in the fishmeal shack now called the Palace Flophouse and Grill. Mack and the boys are men who very well could go off and do something with themselves. Instead, Mack and the boys would sit around drinking Old Tennis Shoe, getting into trouble whenever possible.

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Deat

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez Works Cited Not Included Religion is supremacy, perfection and spirituality. A typical Latin American religious community heavily relies on religion to provide a moral framework to guide and protect its citizens. However, projecting religion in the light of perfection is superficial. In actuality, it often contains flaws underneath its idealistic teachings. The inadequacy in maintaining the idealistic doctrines is deeply rooted in society. Such notion is reflected and commented upon in the novels Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garci ­a Marquez. In both novels, the authors effectively criticize religion through their satiric portrayal of religious authorities and other characters' attitudes towards religion. The two novels reveal the practical result of religion in a critical light. The ideal doctrine of religion adjusts itself to the imperfect world in ways that some times do not command respect. The actual practice of the doctrine allows flexibility, which is often abused. In Dom Casmurro, Bento and Jose Dias imagine that a journey to see the Pope will undo Dona Gloria's promise to God. Eventually they settle the matter much more conveniently by resorting to the local church. As shown in Escobar's speech, the characters are constantly manipulating with the power of the religious authorities: "Consult the protonotary about it and if he hesitates, we'll speak to the bishop" (171). This implies that the people often seek and take advantages of the plot holes in religion. The concept of religion as an obligation becomes obvious through... ...o to mirror the Church's failure to uphold high moral standards and use their authority effectively and seriously. Through the subtle and detailed portrayals of the characters in the novels Chronicle of A Death Foretold and Dom Casmurro shed a criticizing light on the hypocritical Church present in the community. Bento's repulsion to be religiously devoted bluntly reveals the blemishes in the practical result of religion hidden underneath seemingly deep devotion. The tragedy of Santiago Nasar explores the other defects of religion, one that is present in the Church itself, and how failure to uphold moral standards in Church upsets the community. Of course the authors do not write solely to condemn religion, they also bring forth the concept that people must adjust their attitudes toward religion and then irrational, old values set by the past Church.

Business Research

Topic ~ Introduction 1 to Business Research Byend of this topic, you should be able to: † I, Define research; 2. Describe the difference between basic and applied research; 3. Discuss the importance of business research; 4. Describe the needs to have ethics in conducting research; 5. Discuss when business research is needed and when it should not be conducted; and 6. Identify various areas in business research. ~' INTRODUCTION Before we really understand what business research is all about, let us look at some of the definitions given by several authors of research methods. 2 ~ TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTIONTO BUSINESS RESEARCH Definition There are many different definitions that can be found on research. (i) Cooper and Emory (1995) defined research as: A systematic inquiry aimed at providing information' to solve problems. (ii) Kervin (1992) in his book entitled â€Å"Methods for Business Research† stated that: . . Researchis the process of systematically gathering end analysing information in order to gain knowledge and understanding. l (iii) Sekaran (2003) defined it as: An organised, systernJltic, databased, critical, objective, sdentiBc inquiry or investigation into a specific problems. (iv)Zikmund (2003) defined business research as: A systematic and objective process of gathering, recording and analysing data I'foraid in zna! dng decision. .. , †¢. †¢ 0†² As you can see from the given definitions, there are many different definitions on research, however, there appears to be a consensus among these authors that research is a process 01 investigation that is carried out in an organised and systematic manner to address a specific probJem or issue. When you investigate a phenomena of interest, it must be thorough and rigorous from the beginning untill the end of the research process.Besides that, you must also conduct it in a systematic way using appropriate methods to collect and analyse data. In a business context, research is defined as an organised and systematic process of investigation to address a specific business problem or issue. TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH .. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ 3 . , ACTIVITY 1. 1 †¢ r' ~. †¢ .~ I _ ‘. l,†~ 1. Give you own definition of business research. 2. :1. 1 Identify the key words in describing â€Å"research† from the content glVen. TYPES OF BUSINESS RESEARCH There are many areas of research that can be conducted.For example you may want to do a research on the behaviour of students in an English or Mathematics class. Or perhaps you would like to do a research in an organisation, . investigating the financial problems of a company. Whatever research that you wish to embark on, you need to understand that business research can be categorised into the following: Basic Research Applied Research Figure 1. 1: Business research component 1 . 1 . 1 Basic Research , Basic research is usually conducted to improve our understanding of certain issues rath er than its immediate application.This research is also known as fundamental of pure research. For example, you might be interested in whether personal characteristics influence students' courses choices. Basic research aims to make a contribution to knowledge rather than providing solution to a spe. cific problem or issue. 1 . 1. 2 Applied Research Applied research is done with the emphasis of solving a specific, existing problem. It is very specific in nature and is directed towards making decisions. An example of an applied research is when an organisation wants to improve its employees' performance that has been declining lately. 4 ~ TOPIC 1INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH Although the primary objective of basic research is to gain knowledge, such knowledge developed from the research can be used to solve specific problems or issues. For example, researching the causes of low successful rate among small and medium entrepreneurs ‘ill offer many solutions to reduce the phen omenon, which leads to further research on it, and suggest how the low successful rate can be improved. † ‘â‚ ¬j (‘. ~ †¦ †¢. SELF-CHECK ,. 1 ‘†Ã¢â‚¬ ,,-‘ Given the situation below. discuss whether the following scenario falls under the category of basic or applied research. . ,- †¢The management ofOUM wants to analyse the importance module to their independent post graduate students . of course †¢' A researcher investigates consumers' perceptions towards a newly design Proton car, Persona. Whether you are doing basic or applied research, it is important for you to understand that both researches are undertaken in a scientific manner. 1. 2 IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS RESEARCH Let us look at the importance of business research by looking at why do you have to do it. 1 . 2. 1 Why Do You Have to Do Research? Each day managers are confronted with issues and problems that require them to make critical decisions.Research conducted in an organised and systematic manner will enable them to assess or check whether a specific action, program or policy has the expected effect. Research will provide managers with opportunities to gather information about the characteristics of the current situation. For example managers may want information to answer questions, to make decisions or to determine whether a problem exists. It also allows managers to identify problem situation before they grew out of the management's control. TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH .. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ 5 Lastly, research offers management n avenue to comprehend and better appreciate various factors and effects of factors that contribute to an existing situation or problem . †¢ 1. Why managers should know about research? 2. Why is research important? 1. 3 ETHICS IN RESEARCH When conducting a specific research, the researcher is required to observe certain . code of conduct or norm of behaviour. Ethical behaviour starts with the researc her who conducts the investigation, the respondents who provide the information, the analysts who analyse the results and every team member who will be involved in the presentation of the findings and recommendations.According to Cavana, Delahaye and Sekaran (2001), as researcher, you have responsibilities to the society, the client of the research and the people involved in the study. †¢ To the society – all researchers must uphold the moral . standards of the research profession. They should not engage in plagiarism, fraud or deceptions. Cite properly if you are refering or using other people works, as illustrated in Figure 1. 2. . ‘lhis Into ‘1(J ‘((‘,[ f,1 . ! _~I~( It L{)U'I~~ A It rR. or~,~11. .†¢ Figure 1. 2: An example of citing the source properly Source: http://www. lib. lsu. edu/instruction/ tigertail/nf/ od ule3 / images / plagiarism. GlF †¢ To the client of the research – the researcher must ensure that he/she produce s high quality research. He/she must also ensure that all information regarding the research be treated as private and confidential. 6 ~ †¢ TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH To the people involved in the study – should not be physically, psychologically and legally harmed. It is also the responsibility of the researcher to ensure the anonymity of the people involved in the study. Coercion, undue pressuri and stress on the people involved in the research should be avoided. :-; -â€Å"–:- .. †¢. †¢.. ~~ -yf– – –1.. ‘-. I-‘:. †¢. †¢1f7 ~ ~, †¢ f',,' ;~SELF~CHE(K f. 3> † Give some examples of business research in your particular field of interest. _ ,~-:;~†Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ~~~~~~~. ;;~;~. :~~::;:;~;;;-~,~~~~~~-:;;:;-~~~~~~~ o For further readings on business research, you may go to the following websites: www. accenture. com/Global/Research_and_Insights/lnstitute_For_High_ Performance Business . htm www. apmforum. com/research. htm OQJ 11111 †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢6†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢~†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Q †¢ †¢ †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ ~  » 0†¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ « †¢ Research is a pertinent part for managers. †¢Business research is a systematic and objective process of gathering, recording and analysing data for decision making. †¢ Research can be categorised into basic and applied research. †¢ Basic research is usually conducted to improve our understanding of certain issues rather than its immediate application. †¢ Applied research is done with the emphasis of solving a specific, existing problem. 10 ~ TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH †¢ Managers should have knowledge in conducting research even though they may not be directly involved in the research concerned. †¢Researcher has the responsibility to observe certain code of conducts to society, the people involeed in the research and the client of the research. †¢ A manager determines whether business research should be conducted by considering time constraints, availability of data, the nature of the decision to be made and benefits of the research information in relation to cost. †¢ The major area of business research that would benefit the organisations KEY TERMS 0†³, †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Applied Research† †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ a _ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Research Ethics Business Research t †¢ 1.Explain the definiton of research. 2. Why should a manager knows about research? 3. F~r what purpose is basic r~search important? Give examples of basic research. 4. When is applied useful? 5. Discuss some business research you have read. . 6. research , as distinct from basic research, List the factors that need to be taken into consideration before embarking on a research project. †¢ †¢ †¢ TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS RESEARCH †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ 11 Bryman, A. & Bell~E. (2003). Business research methods. New York: Oxford University Press. Cavan a, R. Y, Delahaye, B. L. , & Sekaran, U. (2000).Applied business research: Qualitative and quantitative methods. Australia: John Wiley and Sons. (2003). Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. (2nd ed. ). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Collis, J. , & Hussey†R. Cooper, D. , &' Schindler, McGraw-Hill Irwin. p. s. (2006). Business research methods. (9th ed. ). Kervin, J. B. (1992). Methods for business research. New York: Harper Publishers. . †¦ Collin Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Zikmund, W. G. (2003). Business research methods. Thomson USA. South-W estern, †¢ Business Research FELIPE R. VERALLO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION INC. Clotilde Hills, Dakit, Bogo City, Cebu, 6010 Philippines FUNERAL SERVICES In BOGO CITY: Some Proposals By: Salundaga, Nerissa M. Velez, Charisse S. BSBA ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our deepest appreciation to the following people for without them this study wouldn’t be possible. First and foremost, Almighty Father for guiding us always and giving us the courage to possibly makes this. To our parents and family for the financial and emotional support. To Mr. Jessie R. Agunod (Chapel Manager) and Mr. Jan Ridomer Ramos (Embalmer) of St. Peter Memorial Chapels/ St.Peter Life Plan, Inc. for giving us their time and chance to conduct interview for this study. And of course, to our Professor, Dr. Hubert Quinones for the pointers, support and the encouragements to accomplish this study. And to all we don’t mention but contributed idea and cooperation for this study. To all of you! THANK YOU SO MUCH!!! God bless†¦ C. S . Velez N. M. Salundaga Contents CHAPTER 1 * Introduction * Theoretical Framework * Research Flow * Statement of the Problem * Significance of the Study * Scope and Limitations * Research Methodology * Research environment * Research subject * Research instrument Data Collection * Definition of the Terms Introduction â€Å"Embalming is one of the richest jobs a man can have†-this is what other says to the funeral organizations, in the case that their services are never losing. Every second of a time many children are born, but every second of a time can be a man’s last breath and every man’s last breath can be a future to other. Nobody lives eternity. We will all face death. Why is it that there are funeral organizations? Because they are needed by every one of us. They are the only one who knew how to preserve a dead body for a few days or anytime needed.Some families of the dead want these services for their own reasons. Let us find in this study the profile o f funeral services, and on how they operate the kind of business. This study, FUNERAL SERVICES IN BOGO CITY: Some Proposals is created for educational purposes as one of the requirements in our subject, Business Research 1. It contains some proposals about the funeral services in Bogo Cit, Cebu. We conducted research over funeral organization that is a family corporation which aims for the development and success of their organization as well as satisfying their clients through their services.Anybody can read this research especially those who are interested about funeral services in Bogo City, Cebu particularly the St. Peter Memorial Chapels. Theoretical framework â€Å"When a person dies in the Philippines, Christian Filipinos –such as Catholics that include the tagalong people- generally hold a wake known as lamay or paglalamay, a vigil that typically lasts for five to seven nights, but may last longer if the surviving family is waiting for someone who will be traveling f rom afar. During this time, the cleaned and embalmed body of the dead, place in coffin is displayed in a house of deceased or at the funeral home.The exhibited casket of the departed is traditionally surrounded by funeral lights, a guest registry book, a contribution box, and flowers. Family members, relatives, and acquaintances participate in the vigil. Apart from offering condolences, the participants, guests and viewers of the departed provide financial donations (the abuloy) to help defray funeral and burial cost. Food and warm drinks are customarily served during the nightly vigil. Typically activities conducted outside or near the vigil area include singing, guitar playing, and gambling- such as playing card games- to pass the time and to keep awake. —FILIPINO CHRISTIAN BURIAL CUSTOMS [www. google. com. ph] Today, people all over the world commemorate their loved ones with ceremonies that reflect their religious or cultural attitudes toward death. Just as we have ritual s for our passages of life, such as graduations and weddings, we need a ritual for death – one of the most significant of all passages. Funerals just don’t recognize that life was lived. They offer survivors a chance to gather and recall what mattered to them about the deceased’s life: his or her accomplishments, friendship, guidance or love.The funeral ritual also helps the survivors to heal emotionally. When someone we love dies, we experience grief, which, though it hurts, is not something to avoid. Grief is part of the healing process that allows us to separate ourselves from the deceased person and go on with our lives. An important grieving is expressing the emotions that may accompany death: anger, guilt, fear, sorrow, and depression. A funeral gives mourners a place to express those feelings. Funerals stimulate mourners to talk about the deceased, one of the first steps towards accepting the death.The funeral brings together a community of mourners who, by supporting each other, can help themselves through a difficult period. To resolve their grief, mourners need to accept the reality of death not only on an intellectual level, but on an emotional level as well. It is for this reason that the traditional funeral is usually preceded by an open-casket visitation period. This may seem unnecessary; but many grief experts say that nothing helps you accept death as much as seeing the dead person. Viewings help with grieving because they show that there’s no return.Perhaps no other moment in the funeral process is as powerful as the final disposition. For survivors, this is as strong symbolic moment, a confirmation that they must let go of the person who dies and look ahead to a change life. For this reason, it is important families choose the kind o final disposition most meaningful to them and most appropriate for the deceased. Research flow I N P U T FUNERAL ORGANIZATION IN BOGO CITY, CEBU * Corporate profile * Services and cost s * proposals P R O C E S S * Internet research * Book scanning * Developing questionnaires for interview * Editing O U T P U T Information about St. Peter Memorial Chapels’ services This figure presents the research flow of the study wherein the input is our main subject of the study, the funeral organization in Bogo City, Cebu, the St. Peter Memorial Chapels. Statement of the problem The purpose of this study is to learn the kind of service a funeral organization has. Following are the questions we mention during the interview and their respective answers. 1) What is the profile of the funeral services as to; a) Ownership â€Å"The St. Peter Memorial Chapels is owned by a family and has many branches all over the country.Every region we have ten or more chapels and life plan offices. In Bogo City, Cebu, we are located at Cogon, Bogo City, Cebu. b) Organizational set-ups/structures â€Å"St. Peter Memorial Chapels and, Bogo City branch has only eight members, one of those is the Chapel manager (CM), a liaison, and the rest are all embalmers as well as drivers. Chapel Manager (1) Liaison (1) Embalmer/ Driver (6) This structure is exclusively in Bogo branch only, every chapel has this set-up, and the General Chapel Manager is at Cebu City sub-office. c) Personnel â€Å"Our personnel are being trained well to successfully do their job with one vision and mission.As St. Peterians, our words and actions are guided by and aligned with our St. Peterian oath (vision magazine- official publication of the St. Peter Group of Companies/March-April 2012). We incorporate our core values in our way of life. We recite the St. Peterian oath everyday to remind us always of our responsibilities as St. Peterians. We are reflections of these vision, mission and values so we have to live them out as true St. Peterian should. † 2) What are the services offered? â€Å"Nobody cannot predict our lives, we cannot say when our last day is. Practically we will all reach the time of death, and that we cannot deny this fact.So, St. Peter Memorial Chapels offers Life Plan insurance in which this is very affordable for it is payable within five (5) years. The good thing about this insurance is that it is transferable to any of the family members of the insured. This is a package that covers the retrieval, embalming, delivery, burial and flowers for the deceased. We also have the booking or setting time as to when the body will be pick up. And also we offered cremation exclusively to the deceased with whom the cause of dying is a contagious disease like rabies, yellow fever and aids. † 3) How is the cost as to; a) Embalming, ) Coffin, â€Å"We will not do just embalming or selling coffins alone. We will complete our service from picking up the body from their places, embalming, delivery, and burial. We also provide flowers as condolence to the family of the deceased. Depending on the owner of the body as to which casket they want for the deceased , the minimum package cost is (PHP) 17,000 pesos and maximum of (PHP) 500,000 pesos. † c) Personnel salary â€Å"Embalmers and drivers will receive a fixed monthly salary of (PHP) 12,000 pesos whether there are customers or none. † 4) What are the problems encountered in this type of business? Well competencies cannot be denied with this type of business, especially that we are located very near to our competitors but with our popularity of this industry, we are not afraid of it. Aside from this, booking reservation is our problem that usually encountered or having too much customers because we only have three (3) delivery cars. Sometimes, there are customers who will get angry but we understand for they have lost someone. There are times that we are in the middle of the burial ceremony and someone will call for an emergency that needs immediate response. † 5) What proposals could be drawn? Being pioneer of this type of business, we all have the confidence to show to our customers that we are â€Å"the Deathcare Experts†. We have attended different seminars regarding this service and received many awards with this field of business. We also believe that â€Å"customer is always right† so we always obey and respect them, and give them advices to help them recover. Our staffs are properly trained on treating each other equally as well as the customers. Engaging in this type of business determination and the will to be successful, and as you can see, we are developing more and more ecause we are all determined to achieve one goal. As what the Archbishop Emeritus of Cebu, Ricardo J. Cardinal Vidal said in his message to us during the blessing of the third floor extension of St. Peter Memorial Chapels- Cebu City last March 5, 2011, â€Å"Be merciful, just as your father is merciful†, â€Å"May the Lord continue to bless your endeavors and plans, and may you continue to include in your endeavors and plans the welfare of the p eople you serve, especially the poorest of the poor†. [ vision magazine- official publication of the St. Peter Group of Companies/March-April 2012, pp. 4].And we are doing it every now and then of out services. Significance of the study TO THE FUNERAL OWNER AND STAFF Through this study, they are able to inform their customers the nature of their business, their corporate profile and the services they offered. And because there are only few funeral homes in this place, they have the advantage and the chance to be selected by customers. TO THE COMMUNITY This study would help us know the services offered by the subject of the study and understand the differences of the cost range of the services. And a chance to select among the services offered by the organization.Scope and limitations This study focuses on determining the profile of funeral organizations in Bogo City, Cebu as to ownership, organizational set-ups/structure and personnel. On their proposals for this kind of busin ess, their services offered to community and of course, their costs according to the services they offer and the problems they have encountered in the type of business they are into. Along the research, we encountered different problems such as a limited source of information, and a few research environments so we are not able to finish the research earlier.Research methodology To reach our goal of this study, we made questionnaires for the interview. RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT This research is done in Bogo City, Cebu. There are only three funeral homes in the location, one of them do not want to be interviewed, and unfortunately that the time we conducted the research, the manager of the other funeral home is attending seminar and the staff don’t want to decide on their own, so we collected information by just one of them, the St. Peter Memorial Chapels. RESEARCH SUBJECT The main subject of this study is the St.Peter Memorial Chapels with Mr. Jessie R. Agunod and Mr. Jan Ridomer R amos. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT Throughout the study, we consulted different books and websites to produce this information. Also, in conducting interview, written questionnaires were used. DATA COLLECTION We personally went to the location and asked them information about this study. And we gather different ideas through scanning different books in the library and websites. Definition of terms CREMATION- burning a dead body to ashes instead of embalming.COFFIN- the box in which the body of a dead person is buried. EMBALMER- the person who did the preservation of the dead body. EMBALMING- way of preserving a dead body. FUNERAL- is a ceremony for celebrating, sanctifying, or remembering the life of a person who has died. FUNERAL HOME-(mortuary) is a business that provides burial and funeral services for the deceased and their families. These services may include a prepared wake and funeral, and the provision of a chapel for the funeral. Gallery With Chapel Manager, Mr. Jessie R. Agunod Wit h Mr. Jan Ridomer Ramos (embalmer)

A&E Television Networks Essay

According to Annie Leibovitz, the picture that was chosen for the cover of the magazine was not intentionally or deliberately taken. The picture, according to Leibovitz, was only a â€Å"meter reading. † (Leibovitz) However, in the end, it was still chosen to be cover shot for the magazine because of the image’s candor and unpretentious nature. We all know that John Lennon was a member of The Beatles, one of the greatest music icons of all time. Being a member of rock band during that time meant adapting a public image or reputation that resound the â€Å"rock and roll† kind of life, behavior, and attitude, especially because Lennon was extremely famous during that time. However, Leibovitz’ photograph of Lennon was far from the established image of a famous musician who just happened to be part of The Beatles. The image was plain and unpretentious in the sense that there were no heavily implied messages or impressions. Although people would not know who Lennon was really as a person, the picture seemed to portray who he was – unbounded by fame and stardom. Leibovitz was successfully able to capture a certain air of Lennon’s honest, intense but tacit strength and influence. Leibovitz’ ability to bring a certain kind of powerful, individual, distinctive, and honest personality, as reflected in Lennon’s image, have solidified who she was, as well as her vision and creativity, as an artist and a photographer. The Rise to Fame After two years of working for the â€Å"Rolling Stone,† Leibovitz became the magazine’s chief photographer. From the simple and realistic image that she took of John Lennon, she was able to go beyond what she knew of photography and evolve portrait photography into something distinctive and creative. (A&E Television Networks, p. 1) Leibovitz had the liberty to develop and improve her talents, but at the same time deliver photographs that bordered on inventiveness and creativity. She began taking glamorous and elaborate images as opposed to the simple and lackluster image of Lennon. John Lennon and Yoko Ono Rolling Stone (22 Jan 1981) By Annie Leibovitz The images taken by Leibovitz from then on were bold and modern. The picture that she took of Lennon and his wife, Yoko Ono, for the cover of â€Å"Rolling Stone† in January 2981, represented Leibovitz exploration of the contemporary styles and approaches to portrait photography. Another key feature of Leibovitz’ works was that the focus is always on different kinds of relationships, personality, and emotions. In this particular image of Lennon and Ono, Leibovitz wanted to bring out the strong ties that bind the two people together as partners. Lennon and Ono also portrayed different roles within the kind of relationship illustrated in the image through body language. Leibovitz saw the sensitivity and vulnerability of Lennon as he clang to Ono, and Ono’s strength in withstanding the cold. (Leibovitz, 2) The honest and unpretentious element represented in the picture was the strong and immovable love or passion between Lennon and Ono. As Leibovitz’ career advances, her works also become provocative on a grander, larger scale. Some say that Leibovitz’ photographs were merely image framing the glamour and glitz of a cross between Hollywood and Rock-and-Roll lifestyle as most portraits taken by Leibovitz were extremely forceful and ambitious. (Stevens, p. 99) As Leibovitz received criticisms and recognition for her works, the attention on the photographs taken by her escalated, and so did her artistic visions and inspirations. If one would take the most controversial photographs taken by Leibovitz throughout the years of her career, one common theme that brings those images together under a singular theme would be subtle yet artistic nudity. The existence of nudity in Leibovitz’ pictures has been one of the primary reasons why her works have received much attention from various groups and individuals, but also the reason why her visions and inspirations remain to be that of the translation of honesty and regularity through art. C Bette Midler Whoopi Goldberg (1979) (1984) New York Magazine, 1983 The Wall Street Journal, 2008 Coming to Terms with the True Essence of Portrait Photography However, despite the artistry and radical messages that Leibovitz shot through her photographs, her talents were quickly categorized and judged under provocative images, which were sold and captured attention simply because of nudity. Leibovitz suddenly realized that there was something amiss from her works and she felt that she lost the ability to capture relationships, real emotions, strong messages, and such in her photographs. She believed that portrait photography should also emphasize the relationship of the subject to the camera and the photographer in order to produce images that are real and engaging, and not plain and empty. For this reason, Leibovitz stopped working for a month in order to figure out how she can improve her craft. (New York Magazine) Narelle Brennan Narelle Brennan As a Showgirl in Las Vegas As a Mother with her Two Children (1999) (1999) â€Å"Women,† 1999 â€Å"Women,† 1999 Taking time off work has helped Leibovitz get back on her heels. Although she continued to take high-profile glamour photographs of famous celebrities for â€Å"Rolling Stone† and even â€Å"Vanity Fair,† she also focused on the non-commercial aspect of photography. In one book that Leibovitz and Susan Sontag were able to publish in 1999, she presented the depth of her artistry by taking photographs of real women from different walks of life. In this particular collection, Leibovitz was able to recapture her trademark and style in taking photographs – building a relationship between the subject/subjects and the camera and the photographer, building a relationship among the subjects, portraying real and strong emotions, integrating images of power, strength, and influence, reality and simplicity, and personality. From the images taken of Narelle Brennan, Leibovitz was able to capture who Brennan was as a person, unbounded by her being simply a showgirl, but also as a mother of two children. The pictures were honest in such a way that it portrayed how the personalities of women change depending on the various roles that they play. Leibovitz successfully depicted freedom, nonconformity, and the need to put down biasness or prejudice when it comes to tagging individuals because of what they do or what they become. Furthermore, she was able to express her sensitivity in answering for Brennan, that her being a Showgirl in Las Vegas does not stand for her entire person. Conclusion Leibovitz’ artistry and creativity in photography have evolved through time. One may simply categorize Leibovitz’ skills and talents as unsettled or inconsistent judging from the diversity of the subjects and themes of the photographs that she has taken over time. However, despite Leibovitz’ irregular and erratic display of her talents and skills and photography, the changes that she had to see through all those years of building her career as a photographer generally defined her artistry and style. Leibovitz’ art has certainly improved through time and she was able to take advantage of all the opportunities to take photographs, make mistakes, experiment, and translate drama, emotions, passion, relationships, and such, into photographs, in order to develop her skills and talents as a photographer. Therefore, Leibovitz’ photography may be defined as flexible or adaptable, but at the same time reprehensible, strong, provocative, and forceful. She understood how the relationship between the subject, the camera, and the photographer should be developed in order to capture genuine emotions and feelings, relationships and connections, and bring out the dominant personalities of her subjects to add meaning to the photograph. The results were timeless and unforgettable images that would resound her inventiveness and adaptability as a photographer. Works Cited A&E Television Networks. â€Å"Annie Leibovitz Biography. † Retrieved from A&E Television Networks. 27 Apr 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/library/photos/leibovitz/brennan.html